The main trends of underground coal mining technology development at Russian coal mines are shown on the basis of analyses of intensive coal panel extraction experience all over the world. The estimation of condition of the state rules and instructions for underground coal mining planning is made, it`s disparity with the modern mining practice is underlined. The necessity of the set of coal mining technologies pattern creation is shown with the purpose of increasing the quality of coal mining projects.
The experience of supporting roof with bolts is mainly based on practical approach – hi and miss method. The theory of such support is descriptive than mathematical. Taking into account the complexity of mining – geological and mining technical conditions of underground mining it’s quite difficult to mathematically describe the destruction of entries roofs supported by bolts. Nevertheless even the quality identification of the factors causing roofs fall can give grounds to make plan of bracing and safety increase.
The practice of anchoring roofs with anchors is based mainly on an empirical approach - the trial and error method. The theory of anchoring is more descriptive than mathematical. Due to the complexity of geological, mining and technical conditions of underground workings, it is very difficult to describe mathematically the destruction of the roof of the workings reinforced with anchors. Nevertheless, even qualitative identification of the factors causing the destruction of the edge parts of the coal seam and, as a consequence, the roof collapse, can provide justification for the development of the anchoring passport and safety improvement.
