The engineering-geocryological conditions of the 2165-km-long Chita-Khabarovsk «Amur» federal highway, which is one of the greatest recent constructions in Russia, are analized. The examples of the negative effect of the engineering-geocryological processes on the highway stability and reliability are presented. The concept of the system of engineering-geocryological monitoring of the «Amur» highway have been developed in order to maintain stability and reliability of the «Amur» highway during its exploration.
