The short characteristic of engineering-geological and hydrological conditions of the grounds of concrete constructions is given. Factors of formation of ecological conditions in a benthonic zone of a water basin of Cheboksary hydroelectric power plant are analyzed. Dynamics of change of activity and number of microorganisms in water and bed deposits of a water basin is considered. Results of specialized shooting in dry footway about a condition of concrete of a hydroelectric power plant building of and an overflow dam in 2010-2011 are stated, the comparative estimation of microbiological activity which promotes development of the vigorous activity of biocorrosion of concrete and metals is spent. It is shown high microbes prevalence the materials applied to repair work (seals of various defects in concrete designs).
Features of engineering-geological and hydrological conditions of the basis of concrete constructions are analyzed. Factors of formation of ecological conditions in a bottom zone of a water basin of Cheboksary hydroelectric power plant are analyzed. The maintenance and change of activity and number of microorganisms in water and ground adjournment of a water basin is considered. Results of specialized shooting in dry gallery about a condition of concrete of a building of hydroelectric power plant and an spillway dike in 2010-2011 are stated, the comparative estimation of microbiological activity which promotes development of active biocorrosion of concrete and metals is spent.
This paper discusses the geobiological and hydrogeochemical processes in St.-Petersburg underground space and their role in corrosion of escalator constructional materials. The special attention were attracted to the ecological conditions which are connected with organic, inorganic contaminants and microbiota transporting to soils and groundwater from leaking sewer system and also from zones of long existing cemeteries. A detailed study and numerical analyses of escalator tunnel constructional materials were carried out to reveal biological defeat and destruction of concrete and grey iron as a result of microbiota destructive activity.
The main natural and anthropogenic factors determining the nature and mechanics of fractures of deep underground tunnel structures lining are considered. On the basis of the conducted research in underground excavations the systematization of the main forms of destruction is carried out. The composition of water extracts prepared from the destroyed concrete and various forms of neoplasms was investigated. Determination of the number and types of microorganisms - micro-mycetes, bacteria and actinomycetes - was carried out. Based on the results of experimental studies, a conclusion is made about the role of biocorrosion in the destruction of tubing and waterproofing jacket. Particular attention is paid to the impact of pressure water of the Lower Kotlin aquifer, which creates favorable conditions for the development of microbiota and its aggressive effect on structural materials.
Рассмотрены основные факторы, определяющие развитие микробной деятельности в рудном теле богатых железистых руд Яковлевского месторождения КМА. Исследовано влияние увлажнения, загрязнения и дренажа на рост бактериальной массы в богатых железных рудах. Показана взаимосвязь между прочностью руд и величиной бактериальной массы. Экспериментально определены некоторые физиологические группы и виды микроорганизмов, в том числе микромицеты, а также их численность. Проанализирована активность воздействия биоценозов в условиях Яковлевского рудника на конструкционные материалы – металлы и бетоны.
Qualimetric examination was applied for the first time to assess the current state of stone monuments and analyze the weathering patterns of carbonate rocks in the urban environment. An original multilevel model was used for this purpose. The condition of monuments was assessed on 200 marble and limestone monuments of the museum necropolis in the Alexander Nevsky Lavra. The intensity of various forms of weathering of carbonate rocks was quantitatively evaluated. The connection between physical, chemical and biological forms of carbonate rock weathering, as well as between the type of rock and the peculiarities of its destruction is shown. The obtained results are used for planning restoration and anti-damage works.
The methodology of monitoring of natural stone monuments in the urban environment has been developed. The field inspection of 100 marble monuments was carried out and the typical description of visible forms of their destruction was offered. The methodology of mapping the forms of destruction of natural stone in the urban environment is worked out. Qualimetric expertise is applied for the first time for the assessment of the integral condition of the sculptural monuments made of stone. An electronic cadastre on the condition of the marble monuments of the museum necropolises of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra was created.
