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Date submitted2022-11-11
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Date accepted2023-01-19
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Date published2023-12-25
Evaluation of the efficiency of sorbents for accidental oil spill response in the Arctic waters
The development and operation of new oil fields on the Arctic shelf increases the risks of oil spills, which require the use of oil spill response tools and materials that are efficient in harsh climatic conditions. The question of actual efficiency of sorbents for reducing the level of oil pollution in the conditions of the Arctic and subarctic waters is relevant. The work is aimed at a comparative study of the efficiency of sorbents of mineral and organic origin used by coastal enterprises in the Kola Bay as well as a sorbent based on chitin in model systems simulating real conditions in sea waters. The characteristics of sorption agents were determined applying ASTM F716-18 procedure. Sorption capacity was evaluated in respect of ARCO grade oil, diesel fuel and marine oil. The efficiency of sorbents was estimated in model systems “sea water – oil” at water temperature corresponding to the average annual surface temperature in the Barents Sea. Actual data on sorption capacity of commercial sorbents “Lessorb”, “Novosorb”, a sorbent based on vermiculite and chitin sorbent in relation to potential pollutants of waters were obtained. The dynamics of sea water saturation with oil products at –0.5 (±1) and 10 (±1) °С was determined. It is shown that at higher temperature the concentration of oil products in sea water column (in the presence of an oil film on the surface) is on average four times higher than at low temperature. Kinetic dependences were obtained that describe the content of oil products in water column and near-surface layer of sea water in the presence of the studied sorbents at 5 (±1) °C, corresponding to the average annual temperature in the Kola Bay of the Barents Sea. A method is proposed for evaluating the efficiency of sorbents from the values of regression coefficients characterizing the dependence of oil products content in sea water on the character of sorbent and duration of its action.
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Date submitted2022-06-01
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Date accepted2022-09-06
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Date published2022-11-10
Impact of EU carbon border adjustment mechanism on the economic efficiency of Russian oil refining
- Authors:
- Vladimir L. Ulanov
- Oleg N. Skorobogatko
The carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM) leads not only to the expected environmental changes, but also to the transformation of market environment. The study estimates the losses of the oil refining sector from the introduction of CBAM for the export of oil products from Russia to the countries of the European Union. An approach to assess the impact of CBAM on the cost of oil products has been formed and the mechanisms of its impact on the economy of Russian oil refineries have been identified. The study was carried out on the basis of actual data on the volume of greenhouse gas emissions in accordance with the current rules of the European emissions trading system. Decomposition of assessments of the CBAM impact was carried out into direct and indirect effects, as well as the effect of adaptation. It is shown that with the introduction of the CBAM mechanism, the prices of oil products in the domestic market will be determined not only by the logistical factor, but also by the requirements for environmental friendliness of oil refining. The introduction of CBAM will have a significant impact on the economics of oil refining, including refineries that do not export to the EU. The total impact of CBAM on the economy of Russian oil refineries will be about 250 mln dollars.
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Date submitted2021-10-08
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Date accepted2022-01-24
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Date published2022-04-29
Methodology for thermal desorption treatment of local soil pollution by oil products at the facilities of the mineral resource industry
- Authors:
- Mariya A. Pashkevich
- Marina V. Bykova
The analysis of the main environmental consequences of leaks and local spills of petroleum products at the enterprises of the mineral resource complex is presented. It is established that the problem of soil contamination with petroleum products at the facilities of the mineral resource complex and enterprises of other industries is caused by significant volumes of consumption of the main types of oil products. Based on the results of the author's previous field research, a series of experiments was carried out, consisting in modeling artificial soil pollution with petroleum products such as gasoline, diesel fuel, highly refined oil, motor oil, and transmission oil, followed by their purification by heat treatment at temperatures of 150, 200, and 250 °C. The 250 °C limit of the heating temperature was set due to the need to partially preserve the structure and quality of the soil after heat treatment to preserve its fertility. When the processing temperature rises to 450 °C, all humates are completely burned out and, as a result, productivity is lost. Confirmation is provided by the results of experiments to determine the humus content in uncontaminated soil and soil treated at different temperatures. It was found that at a maximum processing temperature of 250 °C, about 50 % of the initial organic carbon content is preserved. According to the results of the conducted experimental studies, the dependences of the required processing temperature on the concentration of petroleum products to reduce the concentration of petroleum products to an acceptable level have been established. The methodology of thermal desorption cleaning of soils with varying degrees of contamination at enterprises of the mineral resource complex is presented.
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Date submitted2020-12-11
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Date accepted2021-03-30
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Date published2021-06-24
Development of new compositions for dust control in the mining and mineral transportation industry
Dust control in summer and winter periods is a topical problem associated with conducting open pit mining operations; however, at negative temperatures the additional requirements are imposed on dust suppressants. Preventive compositions are proposed, in which light and heavy gas oils, obtained from catalytic cracking and delayed coking, are used as base components. Involvement of heavy fractions allows to increase the flash point, thereby reducing the flammability of dust suppressant, improve its adhesion properties by increasing the content of polyaromatic hydrocarbons and reduce the cost of the final product. In order to improve low-temperature and adsorption properties of developed dust suppressants, heavy oil residues (cracking residue and tar) are included in their composition in various concentrations: 2-10 wt.%. Alternative compositions of dust suppressants, obtained by water emulsification of vinylated alkyd oligomer, are developed; the ability of this dispersion to form strong films on dusty surfaces is examined. The efficiency of using aqueous solution of vinylated alkyd oligomer as a summer dust suppressant is demonstrated. The results of this study include the development of new preventive compositions with improved low-temperature properties and confirmation of the theoretical part of the study by the results of performance tests on a laboratory facility.Alternative compositions of dust suppressors have been developed, which were obtained by emulsifying a vinyl alkyd oligomer (VAO) in water; the ability of this dispersion to form strong films on dusty surfaces has been studied. The efficiency of using an aqueous solution of vinyl alkyd oligomer in the summer period as a dust suppressant is shown. The results of this study are the development of new prophylactic formulations with improved low-temperature properties and confirmation of the theoretical part of the study by the results of tests of operational characteristics in a laboratory facility.
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Date submitted2015-08-09
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Date accepted2015-10-05
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Date published2016-04-22
Inorganic and organic vitreous foam materials and prospect of environmental cleaning from oil and oil products pollutions
- Authors:
- V. E. Kogan
The analysis of own experimental materials which are part of the new scientific direction – complex research of physical and chemical regularities of novel inorganic and organic vitreous sorbents and investigation of the oil and oil products absorption processes by that sorbents developed on department of the General and Physical Chemistry of National Mineral Resources University (Mining University) under the leadership of the author of this paper is provided. In particular, specifics of kinetic curves of oil absorption for sorbents with a vitreous surface are experimentally established and theoretically proved by the conducted researches.
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Date submitted2009-08-23
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Date accepted2009-10-17
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Date published2010-02-01
Mathematical description of microwave contact level controller for liquid agent
- Authors:
- N. V. Teterin
- O. M. Bolshunova
It is shown the problem of measurement of level in oil tanks. Considered the use of a method of the sway electromagnetic radiation for the control of level of section of environments in tanks, made its mathematical description, resulted the estimation of results of practical application.
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Date submitted2009-08-22
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Date accepted2009-10-30
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Date published2010-02-01
Problems and prospects of the exploration of the primary oil refining
- Authors:
- A. Yu. Volovikov
The basic principles of operation and device of the innovation laboratory complex for studying processes of oil refining are described in the paper. The issue of research is reviewed in terms of computer simulation of technological processes separately, because it presents the greatest interest in terms of economic development.
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Date submitted2008-11-21
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Date accepted2009-01-21
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Date published2009-12-11
Potential of russian Federal agency of state reserves in forming oil and oil products reserves system
- Authors:
- M. T. Kharisova
The article is dedicated to the problem of setting up strategic oil and oil products reserves which is necessary for ensuring national energy security. It is necessary to form a profound program of organizational, technical, technological, economic and financial measures aimed at implementation of this direction of state energy policy.