Vol 14 Iss. 1

Geological and radiometric prospecting work was carried out to study the nature of the radioactivity of sedimentary deposits - dictyonemous sсhists. Outcrops of these rocks during geological mapping by previous researchers were noted at various points in the northwestern part of the Leningrad region. The results of research and processing of materials collected during field work in a compressed form and are presented by us in this article. A geological and economic assessment of schist as a possible type of new raw material for the production of radium and thorium oxide was carried out. The assessment of points with manifestations of radioactivity largely depends on the form of radium in the schist, and if some portion of it is in a dispersed state and not associated with uranium, the value of the raw material increases. significantly.

The initial data for determining the starting resistance in the case under consideration are the following values. The power and type of lifting motor, for which, based on the corresponding catalogs, in turn, can be found: a) the ratio of the breaking (maximum) torque to the rated torque b) the rated rotor voltage Enom; c) rated rotor current In; d) engine efficiency; f) synchronous Ps and nominal Pnom number of revolutions of the latter. Calculated starting torque values. 3) Values of static moment of resistance corresponding to the starting period. 4) The number of stages (sections) of the rotor rheostat. 5) Starting period t1 and the full period of the working cycle T, including pause θ, in relation to a given tachogram. According to the given graphical method for determining starting resistances, it is necessary first of all to construct the mechanical characteristics of the engine: natural, corresponding to the own resistance of the rotor winding, and artificial, caused by the inclusion of certain stages (sections) of starting resistances in the rotor circuit. For this purpose, it is necessary to set the limiting (maximum and minimum) values of fluctuations in the starting torque, varying around its calculated value.

When studying the steady motion of a heavy material particle along a helical line on a rough helical surface with the Z axis of the cylindrical coordinate system directed vertically upward, M. I. Akimov noted helical surfaces corresponding to the values of the function (see article), the movement of a heavy point along helical lines, in the presence of friction, has special properties. On the first of these surfaces, the movement in question (with appropriate friction coefficients) along all helical lines is possible only at the same constant speed. On the second surface (with appropriate friction coefficients) along all helical lines it is possible only with the same constant vertical component of speed. Such a surface can find application in those designs of a spiral separator when the unloading of dissimilar separated particles of the mixture must occur simultaneously. On the third surface, with the same coefficient of friction k, the steady motion of heavy particles can occur along any helical line. This work contains the calculations necessary to construct the three helical surfaces under consideration for the purpose of experimentally studying the steady-state movements of heavy particles occurring on them.

The problem of mathematical physics considered in this work is of great importance in mining; it is in matters of mine lifting that it requires further development. Previously, the function e(s), which characterizes the law of change in relative elongation for the part of the rope wound on a drum, was considered arbitrarily specified. Due to the arbitrary assignment of this function, the elements of the above-mentioned part of the rope, passing through position C, undergo an impact at the moment of their inclusion in the vertical part of the BC rope, so the relative elongation and speed of these elements, generally speaking, do not coincide, respectively, with the relative elongation and speed of the part of the BC rope at point C. Note here that the speed values differ from each other by a small amount on the order of relative elongation (see below). The problems of lowering and raising a load lead, generally speaking, to various forms of the second boundary condition. The coincidence of these forms occurs only in one particular case, which requires a special specification of the function e(s). Finally, in conclusion, we examine, as an example, the nature of elastic deformations of the rope for the initial period of rotation of the drum (see article).

Решение вопроса динамики мерзлотного процесса, т. е. деградирует или наступает вечная мерзлота для отдельной точки, не дает решения для всего района, так как элементы гидрогеологии, рельефа, геоботаники и пр. имеют существенное влияние на микродинамику мерзлотного процесса и могут ее либо усиливать, либо ослаблять и даже изменять до полной ее противоположности. Так, в результате полевых работ установлено, что очень часто в районе с деградирующей вечной мерзлотой встречаются отдельные участки с резко наступающей вечной мерзлотой и наоборот. В таком случае становится уже необходимым установить, какое направление динамики мерзлотного процесса является основным для всего сектора области распространения вечной мерзлоты, в котором находится данный район, и какое вторичным, имеющим сугубо региональное значение. Получив чисто качественную сторону динамики мерзлотного процесса по данному меридиональному разрезу, следует поставить вопрос о выяснении количественной стороны этого процесса. В той части меридионального разреза, где прослеживается деградация вечной мерзлоты, следует получить в таликах температурные кривые, гармонирующие с современным климатом, и тем самым установить величину отклонения температурного режима вечной мерзлоты в настоящее время от того, который соответствует современному климату. Кроме этого следует установить южную границу процесса изменения температурного режима верхней толщи земной коры и тем самым решить вопрос о том, усиливается ли процесс деградации вечной мерзлоты со временем или затухает.

The arithmetic average method, being the simplest, is widely used in calculating reserves based on exploration data, as well as in surveying production at existing enterprises. The method gives more accurate results when exploration workings are evenly distributed. The last circumstance is one of the conditions for its applicability. The article analyzes the issues of comparative accuracy of calculating reserves using various methods and comparative accuracy of calculating the volume and reserves of ore or metal.

We find a brief description of the sources in the vicinity of Yakutsk in the works of G. N. Ognev and I. M. Svetozarov. However, due to the specifics of their work, they could not give characteristics of these sources in connection with the geological structure of the area. In this article I will complement the previous ones researchers with new materials about sources obtained in 1939 as a result of the work of the hydrogeological team of the Yakut expedition of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Work was carried out on the right and left banks of the river Lena from the village Kachikatsy-Pokrovskoe to N.-Kangalas mines. The first group of sources is an indicator of sub-permafrost waters. These waters in the area are associated with Cambrian limestones and lower horizons of Jurassic sediments. Sub-permafrost waters are of undoubted practical interest both for the water supply of the city of Yakutsk (where the Cambrian lies at a depth of 450 m) and for the settlement currently underway in the Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The second group of sources, associated with the upper aquifer, has no practical significance for water supply purposes. In conclusion, we present a map showing the general picture of the location of sources in the vicinity of the city of Yakutsk.

To correctly resolve the issue of the nature of the stressed state of the pillar and the deformations it experiences, it is necessary to have a correct understanding of the method of applying load to the pillar, since the latter determines the nature of the deformation - plastic or, conversely, elastic-brittle. In addition, it should be borne in mind that the very entry into operation of new cameras, which determines the increase in the load on the rear sight, does not occur immediately, but rather slowly and without jumps, but gradually. Having reached its maximum value—the full weight of the overlying rock strata—the load is not removed from the pillar, but continues to act for an indefinitely long time, which forces us to take into account the influence of time when considering the deformations of the pillar. Thus, it should be recognized that all conditions for loading interchamber pillars and the work of the load itself meet the conditions for the manifestation of plastic deformations.

The development of deposits by mining consists of separate production processes, which include preparatory, cutting and cleaning work, delivery of ore from the face to hatches or drifts, hauling along rail tracks and lifting. The listed operations, being separate links in the overall process of ore mining, must be mutually linked and represent one coherent whole, for which they must proceed according to a pre-developed schedule with an exact indication of the beginning and end of each. Working in a face with hard rock usually consists of the following operations: 1) drilling, 2) charging and blasting, 3) aerating, 4) removing rock and 5) supporting. The indicated operations must provide either a certain linear development of the workings, if we are talking about preparatory work, or a certain amount of work in cubic meters or by weight in tons. Cyclicity is one of the main conditions of the Stakhanov movement, organically flowing from it, and a correctly calculated cycle in mining is of enormous production importance. Mastering cyclicality in a particular job is directly related to the implementation of the mine’s daily production plan.

Natural draught, as is known, is the result of the difference in the weight of the air supplying and discharging air. In accordance with this, the depression of natural draught depends on weight, i.e., on the temperature and air pressure in the outgoing and incoming stream. Moreover, depending on the depression developed by the suction or discharge fan, the air density of the outgoing or incoming jet can vary within significant limits, so that, along with the natural draught formed as a result of heating the air and changing its composition, there is also a natural draught created by the fan and "artificially created natural traction". Currently, in addition to calculation methods, a number of methods are known to directly measure the depression of the natural draught of an existing mine. These methods are associated with changing the ventilation regime of the mine. By blocking the entire air stream with a jumper, you can directly measure the depression of natural draught with a micromanometer, connecting it to both sides of the jumper.

When studying world experience, a strict critical approach to assessing the changes that can be observed in mining abroad in recent years is necessary. Of course, at present there is still no reason to talk about any stabilization of work methods and equipment used abroad; Only for now we can talk about some basic directions, about some basic technical trends. Some trends in the development of technology for transporting minerals can be considered progressive and deserve the most serious attention. These provisions include: Application in appropriate conditions of brake conveyors. 2. Full conveyorization of excavation areas with loading points moved to the main haulage tracks. 3. Wider use of existing types of loading and bulk loading machines. In particular, such a simple and reliable bulking mechanism as the duck's nose has been completely undeservedly forgotten. Application for underground haulage of diesel locomotives.

The production task is the basis for drawing up a production plan, which must first of all take into account the use and load of existing fixed assets, the capital construction plan, and also identify organizational and technical measures that ensure the implementation of the plan. Therefore, the main elements of the production plan are as follows. Determining the need for raw materials (if any), various materials, fuel, i.e. drawing up a material supply plan. A labor plan, including a plan for the need for labor and wages, as well as labor productivity indicators arising from the technical plan. A production estimate, which reflects all the results of the plan and previously achieved production results and establishes a cost reduction plan. The basis for drawing up production estimates are standards for the consumption of material elements of production and prices. A financial plan that defines financial relations with budgetary and credit institutions, the procedure for financing and the growth of savings. A capital construction plan, to some extent independent, but closely linked to the production program.