Vol 42 Iss. 3

The year 1962 marked the 75th anniversary of the completion of the works of I. G. Bogusky, which laid the foundation for the study of the kinetics of solid-liquid dissolution. The question of the dissolution rate was raised by Wenzel and then by some French scientists in the middle and even at the beginning of the XIX century. However, the first systematic studies of the regularities of the dissolution process of a solid were the works of I. G. Bogusky, one of the pupils of D. I. Mendeleev. Bogusky found that the dissolution rate is proportional to the concentration of the solvent and the size of the solid surface. Subsequent work by Shpring and other researchers on a variety of objects confirmed the conclusions of I. G. Bogusky, but did not give exhaustive results that would allow to express the observed regularities in the form of mathematical formulations.

Metal-oxide electrodes are used to determine the pH of solutions in various technological processes, but the mechanism of their action has not been sufficiently studied to date.

The results of surface tension measurements of the same solutions obtained by different researchers often differ from one another. Although these differences are small, in some cases they are significant. Therefore, it is advisable to have a method of verification of experimental data of surface tension determination.

In order to improve the process of chloride distillation of pyrite concentrate cinders the behavior of cobalt, copper, zinc and iron in this process was studied. The studies were carried out on an enlarged laboratory unit with the necessary changes in the process: and additions in the scheme. [1] See A. K. Orlov, I. N. Piskunov. “On the regularities of the process of chloride distillation of cobalt from pyrite concentrate cinders” in this volume.

In order to ensure trouble-free operation of some devices, it became necessary to study the conditions of good wetting of iron-nickel alloy products with mercury. As it is known, mercury wettability of a solid body surface in the absence of friction between the surfaces is a function of the difference of free surface energies at the solid-metal-mercury boundary. Wettability depends on the composition of the solid and liquid phases and the condition of their surfaces. When mercury comes in contact with a clean metal surface, the surface energy of the system decreases because instead of two interfaces there is one. If there is any film on the metal, preventing the contact of mercury with the metal surface, for successful wetting, it is necessary either to eliminate in advance this film, or to create conditions that ensure its rupture at the moment of contact of mercury with the metal surface.

The use of a number of organic reagents used in analytical chemistry as flotation reagents - collectors deserves serious attention. The flotation properties of these substances are due to the content of certain functional groups in their composition, which have the ability to form intra-complex compounds. These substances due to the content of certain functional groups in their composition have the ability to form intra-complex compounds, which determines their flotation properties.

The best in refractory stability are the masses consisting of oxides forming solid solutions. The absence of eutectics that cause premature softening and deformation at relatively low temperatures makes solid solutions of oxides a valuable highly refractory material. From this point of view, the regions of solid solutions in the Cr203-Zr02-Si02 system characterized by high melting temperatures are of considerable interest. The existence of ternary solid solutions in this system made us assume the existence of solid solution regions in the double systems Zr02-Si02 and Cr203-Zr02.

Increase in production of non-ferrous metals requires finding methods of complex processing of poor polymetallic ores. One of the significant obstacles for wide industrial application of hydrometallurgical methods of processing of such ores is the absence of simple enough and economically favorable methods of selective extraction of metals from the resulting solutions.

Naphthenic acids are a component of oils, mainly naphthenic ones. The latter contain alicyclic hydrocarbons with five- and six-membered cycles. The composition and structure of naphthenic acids change from one oil fraction to another. Naphthenic acids obtained by alkaline treatment of gasoil and kerosene distillates contain mainly cyclopentane derivatives.

In recent years in the literature appeared information about the possibility of using the method of ion flotation for the extraction of elements from solutions. This method is most effective for solutions of low concentrations. Thus, F. Sebba considers the ion flotation method as the main way to obtain metals from dilute solutions - even from seawater. Armour hopes to apply the process of ion flotation to extract metals from mine water, and a group of American engineers has investigated the possibility of extracting strontium from the waste water of the nuclear industry.

The presence of nickel in sulfide copper-nickel ores, isomorphically bound to some silicate minerals, sometimes predetermines the possible enrichment results of such ores. The recovery of silicate nickel during flotation is low, and a significant part of it is lost in the tailings. According to M.N. Godlevsky, silicates of copper-nickel ores containing nickel are easily decomposed by acids. In this connection, a combined method was tested for processing products with relatively high silicate nickel content.

Pyrite concentrates are one of the promising types of raw materials for cobalt production. Sulfatizing roasting is the most widespread in processing of such concentrates. It is established that three periods can be distinguished in the sulfatizing roasting of pyrite concentrate: 1) oxidative; 2) intensive sulfatization; 3) slow sulfatization of metals. The present work aims to determine the main factors affecting the processes in these periods of pyrite concentrate roasting.

Pyrite concentrates obtained from the beneficiation of many polymetallic ores usually contain, in addition to iron and sulfur, small amounts of cobalt, copper, zinc, lead, nickel and other metals. When using these concentrates for the production of sulfuric acid extracts the bulk of sulfur, and the resulting cinders are on the content of iron in them are industrial ore. In view of the low content of non-ferrous metals, the usual methods and schemes used in obtaining these metals from rich ores cannot be used for their extraction.

The weight of a sample taken from mined minerals and their products is usually determined by empirical formulas of the form Q = kda number of researchers have developed and offer theoretical formulas for this purpose, the conclusion of which is based on the regularities of mass phenomena studied by the methods of mathematical statistics, in particular, on the regularities of Gauss, Poisson, binomial frequency distributions, as well as the theory of errors.

Technical efficiency of enrichment E of the processed material determines the degree of approximation of the obtained separation results to the theoretically possible. This indicator, allowing a single number to characterize the achieved results of separation, clarifies the analysis of experimental data, facilitates the selection of optimal separation conditions (by the maximum values of E), makes the results of separation of ores of different composition easily comparable, etc. Evaluation of separation efficiency is especially useful for polymetallic ores, where when analyzing the test results have to compare a very large number of different indicators. In order to select the most convenient method for assessing the separation efficiency of polymetallic ores, the existing methods are considered and new calculation formulas are derived, based on the use of the methodology for determining the separation efficiency of monometallic ores.