Vol 47 Iss. 3

The alliance of the working class and peasantry, under the leadership of the working class, played a decisive role in the victory of the Great October Socialist Revolution, the construction of socialism and remains a great social force for the construction of communism in our country. The alliance of the working class with the bulk of the peasantry and other strata of workers is a common pattern of the victory of the socialist revolution and the construction of socialism for all countries. The proletariat cannot win alone neither within one country, nor on a world scale.

The revolutionary process initiated by the Great October Socialist Revolution continues to develop in the capitalist countries. In the course of the class struggle, the workers are putting forward socio-economic demands far beyond concrete material needs. The main enemy of the working class is the capitalist monopolies. Therefore, the main demands of the working class are aimed at limiting their arbitrariness, to undermine their economic positions. First of all, the demand to give trade unions the right to participate in controlling the activities of enterprises, which makes it possible to restrain the monopolies in their pursuit of profits. Along with this, the political struggle is intensifying.

Lenin's ideas of people's democratic revolution and its outgrowth into socialist revolution, of an uneven world socialist revolution, of the struggle against imperialist war, of Soviet power as the standard-bearer of democracy, of national equality, of peace and socialism - have nourished the tactics of the world communist movement to this day. Their significance is immortal. At the same time, Lenin himself constantly emphasized that the main thing in Marxist doctrine is materialist dialectics, which requires the analysis of the objective and subjective conditions of the revolution in its development, in concrete connection with changing domestic and international conditions. “...The basic position of Marxist dialectics is that all boundaries in nature and society are contingent and mobile, that there is not a single phenomenon which, under certain conditions, could not turn into its opposite. ”This also applies to the boundary between democratic and socialist forms of class struggle, between stages and varieties of revolution, between internal and international contradictions, between reforms and revolution, explosive and staggered (“peaceful”) forms of the revolutionary process.

The Great October Socialist Revolution, which marked the beginning of mankind's deliverance from the exploitative system and the transition from capitalism to socialism, is the greatest event in world history. There is not a single significant phenomenon of social life that has not been influenced by it. With particular force the influence of the Great October Revolution has affected the struggle of oppressed peoples. “The Great October Socialist Revolution dealt the strongest blow to the entire system of imperialist colonial domination, was a powerful stimulus to the development of the national liberation movement”, a turning point in its development. It proved the real possibility of complete national liberation of peoples, opened to them the prospect of social progress, awakened them as an active independent force in international life and marked “the advent of the era of liberation of oppressed peoples”.

The peoples of the liberated countries entered the most crucial stage of their history. After gaining political independence, they are faced with the task of eliminating the consequences of the domination of imperialism and colonialism, creating a developed national economy, overcoming economic backwardness and achieving a rise in the living standards of the population. These urgent tasks of national development require profound economic and social transformations and, above all, the conquest of economic independence.

The Great October Socialist Revolution marked the advent of the era of liberation of oppressed peoples. In the middle of the 20th century, a powerful wave of national liberation revolutions rose and the former colonial countries won political independence. Thus began the process of their national formation, the objective basis of which is the development of an independent national economy.

Soviet society entered the period of the unfolding construction of communism. Having ensured the complete and final victory of socialism in the USSR, the state of the dictatorship of the proletariat turned into a nationwide state. The Program of the CPSU reveals the main regularity of the development of the nationwide state: “The comprehensive development and improvement of socialist democracy, the active participation of all citizens in the governance of the state, in the management of economic and cultural construction, the improvement of the state apparatus and the strengthening of people's control over its activities - this is the main direction of the development of socialist statehood in the period of the construction of communism. In the process of further development of socialist democracy, there will be a gradual transformation of the organs of state power into organs of public self-government”.

V. I. Lenin emphasized: “The increase in labor productivity is one of the fundamental tasks, for without it the final transition to communism is impossible”. And further: “Communism is the highest, against capitalism, labor productivity of voluntary, conscious, united, using advanced technology, workers”. Following Lenin's precepts, our party pays much attention to the problems of increasing labor productivity. The activities of the party organization of the Lenin Severonickel Combine can serve as an example.

During the Seven-Year Plan at the Severonickel Combine, as well as throughout the country, the people's initiative rose in a mighty wave: more and more broad masses of workers participate in the struggle for increasing labor productivity and accelerating technical progress. One of the most important forms of manifestation of activity of workers and engineers and technicians in production activities were creative brigades. When the staff of the plant was set the task to increase by the end of the seven-year plan output of non-ferrous metals more than twice and the same scale of labor productivity, the party committee of the plant fully supported the idea of creating creative brigades, proposed by the workers themselves.

Combine “Apatite” - the largest enterprise of the chemical industry of the Soviet Union. From Khibiny apatite concentrate already in 1963 was produced 80% of all superphosphate fertilizers in the USSR. Phosphate raw materials of the plant are exported abroad, primarily to socialist countries: in 1963 47.5% of the produced concentrate was exported.

The coal industry, despite structural changes in fuel consumption, continues to be one of the most important branches of the fuel industry.In the CMEA countries, progressive changes in the fuel balance are expressed in a faster growth of oil and natural gas production and an increase in their specific weight in the balance of fuel production and consumption. However, these changes occur on a systematic basis and cannot lead to a crisis of overproduction in the coal industry, as it is observed in a number of Western European countries. As can be seen from the data of Table 1, in all CMEA countries coal production is growing.

During prospecting and exploration work on deposits of solid minerals there is a need to study the deposit from the surface. For this purpose, ditches, pits (with or without sections), shallow exploration wells of core drilling, or a complex of these excavations is used. The method of exploration (density and configuration of the exploration network, type of sampling) is determined in all cases on the basis of the study of geological factors. If it is possible to apply all these types of exploration, it remains to decide which of them should be given preference. Other things being equal, the most economical method of stripping should be chosen, which at the lowest cost of time and material resources will give sufficiently reliable data on the explored object.

The new procedure of depreciation accrual for some types of fixed assets of mining enterprises, based on the principle of reimbursement of their cost in proportion to the amount of worked reserves, in the development of which these fixed assets take part, complicates the control over the cost of coal on the element of depreciation.The analysis is complicated by the fact that the amount of depreciation in the cost of production is accrued at the planned rate on the actual volume of production, while during the reporting period changes in the value of fixed assets and the value of reserves, which determine the amount of depreciation.

The transition to new methods of management, planning and economic stimulation of industrial production is conditioned by the necessity of conformity of prices to their economic basis - cost.Prices for products of the iron ore industry, currently in force, are, as a rule, lower than their planned cost price. As a result, a large number of enterprises and the entire iron ore industry as a whole are planned unprofitable. “Prices should increasingly reflect the socially necessary costs of labor, to ensure reimbursement of production and circulation costs and a certain profit for each normally operating enterprise.” The organization of true economic calculation requires an accurate measure of costs and results. In the conditions of commodity economy such a measure can only be the price corresponding to the cost.

The uniformity of the process of material and technical supply is one of the most important conditions for the smooth operation of enterprises. However, the currently used methods of determining the degree of uniformity of supply have a number of significant shortcomings, which does not allow to recognize them as sufficiently justified.