Vol 68 Iss. 2

Prerequisites of coal formation in the most general form were considered by Yu.A.Zhemchuzhnikov and were the topic of discussion at many meetings on the geology of coal deposits. ...

The degree of participation of helitolites in the structure of coal seams increases from the Lower Carboniferous to the Neogene. While in the Lower Carboniferous seams they compose thin beds, in the Middle Carboniferous they acquire layer-forming significance, composing beds of small and medium thickness. ...

In coal basins and deposits with intensive manifestation of magmatism, along with distinct, but local contact changes near intrusions, there is an area and vertical zonality in the distribution of coals of different quality. ...

Recently, in the practice of geological exploration widely introduced modern methods of processing exploration data - mathematical modeling, use computers, improve the methodology of chemical and spectral analysis, technological tests. At the same time, the reliability of the final results mainly depends on the accuracy of the initial data, and the latter - on a number of “small” errors allowed in the exploration process. This is repeatedly mentioned in his works E.O. Pogrebitzky. ...

The Lower Carboniferous coal deposits of the eastern slope of the Urals are a recognized standard of coal-bearing formation of geosynclinal type. This is also reflected in the genetic classification of coal-bearing sediments proposed by E.O. Pogrebitsky. There is an obvious necessity of detailed study of this, still poorly investigated, coal-bearing formation for a possible more accurate determination of its classification features. ...

Clarification of the real possibilities of exploration of mineral deposits is closely related to the development of general theoretical provisions in this area. ...

In the late forties and early fifties, through the efforts of geophysicists and geologists of the Urals and Kazakhstan in the Trans-Ural region, on the territory of the Turgai Trough, was discovered a new iron ore province of the Soviet Union, represented by a large group of contact-metasomatic deposits of magnetite ores and subsequently called the Main Iron Ore Belt of the Turgai Trough. ...

Integrated use of minerals is the most important means of their careful consumption, reducing losses in the subsoil, prolonging the life of mines and, accordingly, more fully meet the needs of social production. At the same time, the mining industry is concentrated, capital investment is saved, and the total cost of labor, time, and money for mining is reduced. ...

Complex magnetite ores are typical for contact-metasomatic iron ore deposits. In addition to iron, they contain sulfur, cobalt, copper, lead, vanadium, phosphorus and other valuable components. At present, sulfide concentrates are extracted from magnetite ores: cobalt-pyrite, copper, lead and zinc, in the future it is possible to extract apatite, calcite, and sometimes datolite. ...

The correlation coefficient as a measure of linear relationship between geological and industrial parameters (thickness of ore bodies, content of components in ores, etc.) is widely used in practice and has numerous applications. Meanwhile, the values of geological and industrial parameters are always measured with some error, which undoubtedly affects the value of the correlation coefficient and may even lead to an erroneous conclusion about the relationship between geological and industrial parameters. Let us consider the effect of sampling error on the value of the correlation coefficient between the grades of two components in the ore. ...

Gold deposits, confined to mineralized zones of crushing and buckling of sandstone-shale strata, have specific features of structure. They differ from the widespread quartz-gold deposits of vein type not only by morphology of ore-bearing bodies, but also by the structure of ore fields confined to large discontinuous structures of deep embedment, long and complex history of mineralization development, significant scale of hydrothermally altered and mineralized rocks, predominant role of microscopic and sometimes dispersed gold in ores. If, speaking simplistically, for vein quartz-gold deposits, the problem of prospecting and subsequent exploration is reduced to finding veins and identifying areas (blocks) with balance ores in them according to the already repeatedly tested exploration network, the theoretical aspects of the methodology of exploration of gold deposits of the type of mineralized crushing zones and their practical solution still need to be developed. ...

The economic evaluation of mineral deposits should be based on the cost assessment of proven reserves of mineral raw materials to justify the acceptable level of socially necessary costs for its exploration, production and processing. Such an assessment is also necessary to ensure the most complete and rational use of subsoil. ...

As is known, phlogopite is used mainly for the production of pinched mica, which is used for the manufacture of various electrical insulating glued products (micalent, micanite, etc.). ...

Deposits of refractory clays in the northwestern part of Donbass are confined to the sandy-clay strata of the Poltava Formation of the Lower Neogene. Refractory clays lie on the Upper Paleogene sandy sediments of the Kharkov and Berek formations, they are covered by sands of the Poltava Formation or mottled clays of the Lower Neogene horizon of mottled clays, less often by Quaternary loams. ...

When selecting a system of prospecting and exploration work in the evaluation of fields is important their geological and industrial classification, reflecting both the peculiarities of the geological structure of the field, and the variability of the main geological and industrial parameters of deposits. ...

Relatively few works have been published on the methodology of exploration of platform bauxite deposits of karst type. In them, recommendations on the shape and density of exploration networks are given taking into account the applied in practice, without substantiation and analysis. Variability of bauxite bodies at the deposits of the considered type has not been practically studied, although similar studies on bauxite deposits of geosynclinal type were carried out by Yu.M. Rodchenko. ...

Dolomitization of phosphorite ores increases the content of MqO, which worsens the quality of ores and in some cases makes them substandard, off-balance sheet. Some local areas of the deposit are subject to dolomitization. Naturally, it is desirable to identify them in the process of exploration work and exclude them from the balance reserves. ...

Carbonatometric method is based on the study of calcite scattering halos - primary and secondary, which are the most important direct search signs of deposits of this mineral. When searching for deposits of Iceland spar by existing methods (geological survey, clastic-river) they are used only partially. Researchers pay attention only to coarse clastic mechanical (secondary) scattering halos, as well as to the presence of veins or calcite phenocrysts in the bedrock, which are primary (macro) scattering halos. ...

The most important task of the present time is the protection of nature and the most effective use of natural riches, in particular deposits of monocrystalline raw materials: Iceland spar, rock crystal, optical fluorite, tourmaline, muscovite, phlogopite, precious and ornamental stones, etc. Deposits of these minerals are quite rare, and accumulations of high-quality single crystals in in substantial quantities are encountered even more rarely. ...

In recent years, in the press and at scientific conferences both at home and abroad, ideas about the depletion of mineral deposits and even about the limitation and depletion of mineral resources in general have been intensively discussed. Such notions are mentioned most often in connection with the discussion of the problem of environmental and subsoil protection, the urgency of which has become obvious to everyone. As a result, they have become almost universally accepted, so there is no need to provide any detailed list of relevant literature. Let us refer only to one of the recent works, which states that the characteristic features of minerals, which distinguish them from other types of natural resources (e.g., plant and water resources, animal life, solar energy, etc.), are limitedness, exhaustibility and non-reproducibility ...