Backfill composite based on technogenic mining waste as a means of enhancing environmental and technological safety
- Ph.D., Dr.Sci. Professor Moscow Polytechnic University ▪ Orcid
Abstract
Given the growing societal demand for the development of enterprises that ensure minimal environmental impact, there is a need to develop waste-free technologies. The concept of realizing the potential of technogenic waste is an integral component of creating a circular economy. The aim of this study is to utilize technogenic waste in a safe, environmentally balanced, and economically efficient deposit mining technology within the framework of a circular economy. The necessity of transitioning from a conventional mining system to multi-stage extraction systems for the mining of potassium-magnesium (water-soluble) ores is substantiated. The possibility of completely replacing specially mined components of the backfill composite with technogenic waste, including potassium-magnesium ore beneficiation waste, granulated blast-furnace slag, and deactivated ZSM-5 zeolite, is confirmed. It is established that the use of ZSM-5 as an activator and fiberglass as an inhibitor makes it possible to form a backfill composite with improved strength characteristics. The optimal composition of the backfill material includes 60 % beneficiation tailings, 29.7 % granulated slag, 0.3 % fiberglass, and 10 % ZSM-5. It is demonstrated that the use of multi-stage extraction with backfilling of the mined-out space enhances the environmental and technological safety of mining potassium-magnesium (water-soluble) ores. It is established that technological safety is achieved by minimizing horizontal deformations of the undermined rock mass, thereby ensuring the preservation of the water-protective stratum and relieving inter-chamber pillars from increased stresses, which contributes to their greater stability over time. It is determined that environmental safety is achieved through the utilization of technogenic waste in the backfill composite, as well as through the reduction of horizontal deformations of the undermined rock mass, thereby minimizing disturbance of the ground surface.
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References
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