Determination of rock water permeability and water inflow to water intakes under development of turbulent groundwater movement
Abstract
Turbulent movement of groundwater is known to occur at significant cross-sections of water-conducting channels in rocks and sufficiently high groundwater velocities and gradients. More often the development of turbulent movement is observed in fractured rocks intersected by open fractures with a significant gap and in karsted rocks. In loose porous rocks, turbulent motion occurs only in highly permeable rocks such as pebbles and gravel-pebble formations, and the filtration rates and gradients at which the development of turbulent motion begins in these rocks are much higher than in fractured and karsted rocks. At present, as a result of a number of research works carried out in laboratory and field conditions, it has been established that laminar movement of groundwater often takes place in fractured and even karsted rocks. Therefore, for such rocks it is possible to use the linear filtration law (Darcy's law) and dependencies based on this law under certain conditions. In particular, groundwater movement observed in natural conditions is characterized by small hydraulic gradients and usually obeys the linear law, even in rocks intersected by large open fractures and often in karstified rocks.
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