Physical and mechanical properties of clays of the coal-bearing suite of the Lower Carboniferous in the Moscow Basin
Abstract
In the Moscow Basin, clay deposits occupy a significant part of the section of the sandy‑clayey coal‑bearing suite of the Lower Carboniferous. This suite is almost continuously distributed throughout the basin (Fig. 1). Throughout its length, it is characterized by the inconsistency of the section in the vertical and horizontal directions. Along the southern flank of the basin, the coal beds are thicker, while to the north, along the western flank, the coal content of the suite gradually decreases, and already in the section of the Tikhvin region only black carbonaceous clays and occasionally thin coal interlayers are observed. At the same time, the saturation of the section with refractory clays is significantly reduced here, the place of which is occupied by bauxite deposits and red sandy clays. The variability of the section of the coal‑bearing suite is explained by the coastal‑marine and coastal‑continental conditions of its accumulation. The change in the structure of the coal‑bearing suite along the strike is the result of the facies replacement of coal by carbonaceous clays, and then carbonaceous clays by red sandy clays. A. E. Ulmer believes that the southern part of the western flank and the southern flank of the Moscow Basin are included in the facies zone of accumulation of continental and coastal‑marine sediments, and the northern part of the western flank is included in the facies zone characterized by the predominance of continental erosion over accumulation.
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