Submit an Article
Become a reviewer
Vol 243
Pages:
357
Download volume:
RUS ENG
Research article
Electromechanics and mechanical engineering

Multi-terminal dc grid overall control with modular multilevel converters

Authors:
Miguel Jiménez Carrizosa1
Nikola Stankovic2
Jean-Claude Vannier3
Yaroslav E. Shklyarskiy4
Aleksei I. Bardanov5
About authors
Date submitted:
2020-06-15
Date accepted:
2020-06-15
Date published:
2020-06-30

Abstract

This paper presents a control philosophy for multiterminal DC grids, which are embedded in the main AC grid. DC transmission lines maintain higher power flow at longer distances compared with AC lines. The voltage losses are also much lower. DC power transmission is good option for Russian north. Arctic seashore regions of Russia don't have well developed electrical infrastructure therefore power line lengths are significant there. Considering above it is possible to use DC grids for supply mining enterprises in Arctic regions (offshore drilling platforms for example). Three different control layers are presented in an hierarchical way: local, primary and secondary. This whole control strategy is verified in a scaled three-nodes DC grid. In one of these nodes, a modular multilevel converter (MMC) is implemented (five sub-modules per arm). A novel model-based optimization method to control AC and circulating currents is discussed. In the remaining nodes, three-level voltage source converters (VSC) are installed. For their local controllers, a new variant for classical PI controllers are used, which allow to adapt the values of the PI parameters with respect to the measured variables. Concerning the primary control, droop control technique has been chosen. Regarding secondary level, a new power flow technique is suggested. Unbalance conditions are also verified in order to show the robustness of the whole control strategy.

Keywords:
MMC MT-HVDC grid local control DC connection power flow calculation voltage source inverters droop control hierarchical control
10.31897/pmi.2020.3.357
Go to volume 243

References

  1. Yao K., Ren Y., Sun J., Lee K., Xu M., Zhou J., Lee F.C. Adaptive voltage position design for voltage regulators. Nineteenth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, 2004. APEC’04. IEEE, 2004. Vol. 1, p. 272-278. DOI: 10.1109/APEC.2004.1295821
  2. Li H., Liu C., Li G., Iravani R. An Enhanced DC Voltage Droop-Control for the VSC--HVDC Grid. IEEE Trans. Power Syst. 2017. Vol.32(2), p. 1520-1527. DOI: 10.1109/TPWRS.2016.2576901
  3. Stankovic N., Carrizosa M.J., Arzand A., Egrot P., Vannier J.-C. An HVDC experimental platform with MMC and two-level VSC in the back-to-back configuration. 2016 IEEE 25th International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE). IEEE. 2016, p. 436-441, DOI: 10.1109/ISIE.2016.7744929
  4. Arrillaga J., Liu Y.H., Watson N.R. Flexible Power Transmission. The HVDC Options. 1st ed. Chichester: John Wiley, 2007, p. 362.
  5. Benchaib A. Advanced control of AC/DC power networks. System of systems approach based on spatio-temporal scales. Wiley, 2015. 164 p. DOI: 10.1002/9781119135760
  6. Carrizosa M.J. Hierarchical control scheme for multi-terminal high voltage direct current power networks. 2015. URL: tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01179391 (date of access 22.07.2015)
  7. Prieto-Araujo E., Junyent-Ferŕe A., Clariana-Colet G., GomisBellmunt O. Control of Modular Multilevel Converters Under Singular Unbalanced Voltage Conditions With Equal Positive and Negative Sequence Components. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems. 2017. Vol. 32(3), p.2131-2141. DOI: 10.1109/TPWRS.2016.2598617
  8. Carrizosa M.J., Arzand A., Navas F.D., Damm G., Vannier J.-C. A Control Strategy for Multiterminal DC Grids With Renewable Production and Storage Devices. IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy. 2018. Vol. 9(2), p. 930-939. DOI: 10.1109/TSTE.2017.2766290
  9. Yang R., Zhang C., Cai X., Shi G., Lyu J. Control of VSC-HVDC for Wind Farm Integration with Real-Time Frequency Mirroring and Self-Synchronizing Capability. 2018 International Power Electronics Conference. IEEE. 2018, p. 4220-4226. DOI: 10.23919/IPEC.2018.8507477
  10. Bi K., An Q., Duan J., Sun L., Gai K. Fast Diagnostic Method of Open Circuit Fault for Modular Multilevel DC/DC Converter Applied in Energy Storage System. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 2017. Vol. 32(5), p. 3292-3296. DOI: 10.1109/TPEL.2016.2646402
  11. Gnanarathna U.N., Gole A.M., Jayasinghe R.P. Efficient Modeling of Modular Multilevel HVDC Converters (MMC) on Electromagnetic Transient Simulation Programs. IEEE Trans. Power Deliv. 2011. Vol. 26(1), p. 316-324. DOI: 10.1109/TPWRD.2010.2060737
  12. Hydro-Qubec Rapport Annuel 2012. Hydro-Qubec. URL: www.metallos.org/site/assets/ files/2622/ rapport-annuel-2012_hydro-quebec.pdf (date of access 14.03.2020).
  13. HVDC in china. Doubletree Systems, Inc. URL: www.dsius.com/cet/HVDCinChina_ EPRI2013_HVDC.pdf (date of access 14.03.2020)
  14. Inelfe, the France-Spain HVDC plus interconnection is being realized as part of the european HVDC power freeways. Siemens. URL: www.ptd.siemens.de/newsletter2012_07.htm (date of access 14.03.2020).
  15. Jimenez E., Carrizosa M.J., Benchaib A., Damm G., Lamnabhi-Lagarrigue F. A new generalized power flow method for multi connected DC grids. Int. J. Electr. Power Energy Syst. Elsevier, 2016. Vol. 74, p. 329-337. DOI: 10.1016/J.IJEPES.2015.07.032
  16. Jovcic D., Ahmed K., Wiley J. High voltage direct current transmission : converters, systems and DC grids. 2007, p. 456.
  17. Lesnicar A., Marquardt R. An innovative modular multilevel converter topology suitable for a wide power range. 2003 IEEE Bologna Power Tech Conference Proceedings. IEEE. 2003. Vol. 3, p. 272-277. DOI: 10.1109/PTC.2003.1304403
  18. Li R., Xu L., Yao L. DC Fault Detection and Location in Meshed Multiterminal HVDC Systems Based on DC Reactor Voltage Change Rate. IEEE Trans. Power Deliv. 2017. Vol.32(3), p. 1516-1526. DOI: 10.1109/TPWRD.2016.2590501
  19. Bergna G., Suul J.-A., Berne E., Vannier J.-C., Molinas M. MMC circulating current reference calculation in ABC frame by means of Lagrange Multipliers for ensuring constant DC power under unbalanced grid conditions. 2014 16th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications. IEEE. 2014, p. 1-10. DOI: 10.1109/EPE.2014.6910909
  20. Mayne D.Q., Seron M.M., Raković S.V. Robust model predictive control of constrained linear systems with bounded disturbances. Automatica. Pergamon. 2005. Vol. 41(2). P. 219-224. DOI: 10.1016/J.AUTOMATICA.2004.08.019
  21. Chen Y., Dai J., Damm G., Lamnabhi-Lagarrigue F. Nonlinear control design for a multi-terminal VSC-HVDC system. 2013 European Control Conference. IEEE. 2013. P. 3536-3541. DOI: 10.23919/ECC.2013.6669665
  22. Ottersten R. On control of back-to-back converters and sensorless induction machine drives. Chalmers University of Technology. Göteborg, 2003, p. 153.
  23. Park R.H. Two-reaction theory of synchronous machines generalized method of analysis-part I. Trans. Am. Inst. Electr. Eng. 1929. Vol. 48(3), p. 716-727. DOI: 10.1109/T-AIEE.1929.5055275
  24. Sanjuan S.L. Voltage Oriented Control of Three-Phase Boost PWM Converters. Chalmers University of Technology. Göteborg, 2010, p. 105.
  25. Shah S., Hassan R., Sun J. HVDC transmission system architectures and control – A review. 2013 IEEE 14th Workshop on Control and Modeling for Power Electronics. IEEE. 2013, p. 1-8. DOI: 10.1109/COMPEL.2013.6626396
  26. Sardinia – Corsica – Italy Interconnection. Terna. URL: www.terna.it/en/projects/projects-common-interest/sardinia-corsica-italy-interconnection (date of access 14.03.2020).
  27. The Gotland HVDC link. ABB group. URL: new.abb.com/systems/hvdc/references/the-gotland-hvdc-link (date of access 14.03.2020).
  28. Shinoda K., Benchaib A., Dai J., Guillaud X. Virtual Capacitor Control: Mitigation of DC Voltage Fluctuations in MMC-Based HVdc Systems. IEEE Trans. Power Deliv. 2018. Vol. 33(1), p. 455-465. DOI: 10.1109/TPWRD.2017.2723939
  29. Wang X., Li Y.W., Blaabjerg F., Loh P.C. Virtual-Impedance-Based Control for Voltage-Source and Current-Source Converters. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 2015. Vol. 30(12), p. 7019-7037. DOI: 10.1109/TPEL.2014.2382565
Access statistics
Abstract Views
1084
Full-Text Views
336
Cited
Scopus:
25
Crossref:
15
Cited By
1. Development of the Structure of the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Data Processing System. Proceedings of the 2024 Conference of Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, ElCon 2024. 2024, P. 906-909. DOI: 10.1109/ElCon61730.2024.10468214 [Scopus]
2. Technical and Economic Assessment of Energy Efficiency of Electrification of Hydrocarbon Production Facilities in Underdeveloped Areas. Sustainability (Switzerland). June 2023, Vol. 15, DOI: 10.3390/su15129614 [Scopus] (cited: 29)
3. The Effect of Economic Policy Uncertainty on Foreign Direct Investment in the Era of Global Value Chain: Evidence from the Asian Countries. Sustainability (Switzerland). April 2023, Vol. 15, DOI: 10.3390/su15076131 [Scopus] (cited: 3)
4. Impact of Hybrid Inverters on Electric Power Quality. Proceedings of the Seminar on Industrial Electronic Devices and Systems, IEDS 2023. 2023, P. 259-263. DOI: 10.1109/IEDS60447.2023.10426426 [Scopus]
5. Increasing the Efficiency of Solar Power Plant in a Tropical Climate. Proceedings of the Seminar on Industrial Electronic Devices and Systems, IEDS 2023. 2023, P. 109-112. DOI: 10.1109/IEDS60447.2023.10426186 [Scopus]
6. Assessment of Reliability Indicators of Combined Systems of Offshore Wind Turbines and Wave Energy Converters. Energies. December 2022, Vol. 15, DOI: 10.3390/en15249630 [Scopus] (cited: 6)
7. A Review on Multi-Terminal High Voltage Direct Current Networks for Wind Power Integration. Energies. December 2022, Vol. 15, DOI: 10.3390/en15239016 [Scopus] (cited: 1)
8. Identification of harmonic source location in power distribution network. International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems. June 2022, Vol. 13, P. 938-949. DOI: 10.11591/ijpeds.v13.i2.pp938-949 [Scopus]
9. Suppression of Instabilities in a Plasma Voltage Stabilizer. Applied Sciences (Switzerland). April-2 2022, Vol. 12, DOI: 10.3390/app12083915 [Scopus]
10. Computation of Nonlinear Load Harmonic Currents in the Presence of External Distortions. Computation. March 2022, Vol. 10, DOI: 10.3390/computation10030041 [Scopus] (cited: 13)
11. Selection of Software and Hardware Components of Devices Designing a Mesh Network Using Bluetooth 5.1. Proceedings of the 2022 Conference of Russian Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, ElConRus 2022. 2022, P. 101-105. DOI: 10.1109/ElConRus54750.2022.9755556 [Scopus]
12. Helmetooth - Device of Increasing Vision and Communication for Motorcyclists. Proceedings of the 2022 Conference of Russian Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, ElConRus 2022. 2022, P. 170-175. DOI: 10.1109/ElConRus54750.2022.9755550 [Scopus] (cited: 1)
13. Beam-plasma stabilizer for the new type of nuclear power energy systems. Applied Sciences (Switzerland). December-1 2021, Vol. 11, DOI: 10.3390/app112311419 [Scopus] (cited: 2)
14. Method for determining the optimal capacity of energy storage systems with a long-term forecast of power consumption. Energies. November-1 2021, Vol. 14, DOI: 10.3390/en14217098 [Scopus] (cited: 25)
15. Estimation of electricity generation by an electro-technical complex with photoelectric panels using statistical methods. Symmetry. July 2021, Vol. 13, DOI: 10.3390/sym13071278 [Scopus] (cited: 10)
16. Topology and control algorithms for a permanent magnet synchronous motor as a part of a vehicle with in-wheel motors. E3S Web of Conferences. 4 June 2021, Vol. 266, DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202126604001 [Scopus] (cited: 7)
17. Adaptive current protection in electrical complexes with small power plants. E3S Web of Conferences. 4 June 2021, Vol. 266, DOI: 10.1051/e3sconf/202126604002 [Scopus] (cited: 1)
18. Novel approach to collect and process power quality data in medium-voltage distribution grids. Symmetry. March 2021, Vol. 13, DOI: 10.3390/sym13030460 [Scopus] (cited: 14)
19. Features of Building MESH Networks Based on Bluetooth Low Energy 5.1 Technology. Proceedings of the 2021 IEEE Conference of Russian Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, ElConRus 2021. 26 January 2021, P. 81-84. DOI: 10.1109/ElConRus51938.2021.9396530 [Scopus] (cited: 2)
20. Temperature Error during MEMS Pressure Sensor Measurements. Proceedings of the 2021 IEEE Conference of Russian Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, ElConRus 2021. 26 January 2021, P. 98-101. DOI: 10.1109/ElConRus51938.2021.9396269 [Scopus] (cited: 4)
21. Comparative Analysis of Mesh and Thread Networks and their Application Possibility in the "smart Home" Systems. Proceedings of the 2021 IEEE Conference of Russian Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, ElConRus 2021. 26 January 2021, P. 8-11. DOI: 10.1109/ElConRus51938.2021.9396680 [Scopus] (cited: 3)
22. Features of the Development of the Functional Units for Submersible Blocks of Downhole Telemetry Systems. Proceedings of the 2021 IEEE Conference of Russian Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, ElConRus 2021. 26 January 2021, P. 164-167. DOI: 10.1109/ElConRus51938.2021.9396635 [Scopus] (cited: 5)
23. Training the Haar Cascade Classifier in Sorting Radio-Electronic Components. Automating the Collection of Images for Teaching. Proceedings of the 2021 IEEE Conference of Russian Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering, ElConRus 2021. 26 January 2021, P. 1019-1022. DOI: 10.1109/ElConRus51938.2021.9396135 [Scopus] (cited: 3)
24. Automated Measurement of Oil-gas-water Mixture Component Composition in Pipeline. Proceedings - 2021 3rd International Conference on Control Systems, Mathematical Modeling, Automation and Energy Efficiency, SUMMA 2021. 2021, P. 935-939. DOI: 10.1109/SUMMA53307.2021.9632165 [Scopus] (cited: 1)
25. A digital control system designed for ore thermal urnaces producing metallurgical silicon. Tsvetnye Metally. January 2021, Vol. 2021, P. 70-76. DOI: 10.17580/tsm.2021.01.08 [Scopus] (cited: 6)
Article Menu
Multi-terminal dc grid overall control with modular multilevel converters

Similar articles

Management of hardening mixtures properties when stowing mining sites of ore deposits
2020 Vladimir I. Golik, Yury V. Dmitrak, Vitaly I. Komashchenko, Nikolay M. Kachurin
The age of mineralization of Mayskoe gold ore deposit (Central Chukotka): results of Re-Os isotopic dating
2020 Dmitry S. Artemiev, Robert Sh. Krymsky, Boris V. Belyatsky, Dmitry S. Ashikhmin
Non-destructive testing of multilayer medium by the method of velocity of elastic waves hodograph
2020 Aleksandr I. Potapov, Artem V. Kondratev
Justification of stripping and development of a modular mine site for a combined coal mining method in Kuzbass on the example Baikaimskaya mine site
2020 Roman I. Shishkov, Valerii A. Fedorin
Revisiting the evolution of deformation zones under platform conditions in the case study of the Kungur Ice Cave (Cis-Urals)
2020 Nataliya V. Lavrova
Geochemical approach in assessing the technogenic impact on soils
2020 Galina I. Sarapulova