The principal features of mineral resources development in special natural and climatic conditions and under the influence of appreciating factors in the north of Russia are considered. The possibilities and necessity of formation of the mechanism of rent payments in the system of taxation of subsoil use, the essence and features of withdrawal of absolute and differential rent in the conditions of exploitation of mineral deposits in the northern territories are determined. The principles and mechanism of improving rent payments to increase the sustainability of socio-economic systems of Russia's northern territories are proposed.
