Calculation of the electromagnetic system of a magnetic separator, like almost any electromagnetic device or device, consists of two points: calculation of the magnetic circuit of the system and calculation of its winding. This article outlines a general method for calculating the windings of magnetic separators, which is based on the principle of maximum winding efficiency, which allows choosing the optimal values of winding parameters in each individual case. The proposed method can also be used when calculating other electromagnetic mechanisms (taking into account the specific features of these mechanisms), in cases where the calculation of the windings can be carried out independently of the calculation of the magnetic circuit.
The possibility of powering separators of conventional designs with alternating current has been directly confirmed experimentally. When the separator operates on alternating current, the concentrate is significantly cleaner than when the separator operates on direct current. Therefore, for a given concentrate purity, an AC separator can provide significantly greater productivity. The extraction of magnetic mineral into concentrate is the same when the separator is powered with both direct and alternating current. The required current when powering the separator with alternating current is slightly greater than the current when powering the separator with direct current. Therefore, the increase in energy losses in the separator winding when switching to alternating current power is insignificant.
This article is the first attempt to create a theory for calculating electromagnetic systems from magnetic separators. At the beginning of the article, the general principle of the theory based on the experimental study of the magnetic field is described, and the general information necessary for constructing this theory is given. Below are the results of a study of the magnetic field of the M.B.N.6 separator (with ring magnets) and a formula for determining the magnitude of the magnetic force at various points in the field. Using the law of mechanical similarity, the resulting formula becomes common for all cases of any separator of the type under study (with ring magnets). This generalization makes it possible to set conditions for determining the optimal values of the parameters that determine the magnetic field of a separator of a given type and the number of ampere-turns in the separator coil.
