The material for the present work consisted of data from 18 exploratory boreholes, drilled by the Geological Exploration Trust of the Central Chernozem Region (CChR) in the southeastern part of the region and along its border with the North Caucasus Krai, which encountered undoubted Carboniferous deposits. The importance of studying the stratigraphy of the Carboniferous within the CChR is determined by the geographical position of the province between the Donetsk and Moscow coal basins. Thus, the northernmost borehole in the scope of our research, in Novy Oskol, is located 240 km from the southernmost outcrops of the Moscow Basin Carboniferous and 200 km from the northernmost outcrops of the Donetsk Basin Carboniferous (see the article). Consequently, the described Carboniferous deposits serve as a connecting link between these basins, which are composed of facies-wise entirely different deposits and, according to the previously prevailing viewpoint, represented the results of fundamentally different geological processes.