At the end of March 1918, the Academy of Sciences appealed to the Soviet government with a proposal to involve scientists in the study of the natural wealth of the country. At a meeting of the Council of People's Commissars on April 12, 1918, a corresponding resolution was adopted.

The coal industry, despite structural changes in fuel consumption, continues to be one of the most important branches of the fuel industry.In the CMEA countries, progressive changes in the fuel balance are expressed in a faster growth of oil and natural gas production and an increase in their specific weight in the balance of fuel production and consumption. However, these changes occur on a systematic basis and cannot lead to a crisis of overproduction in the coal industry, as it is observed in a number of Western European countries. As can be seen from the data of Table 1, in all CMEA countries coal production is growing.

After the XXII Congress of the CPSU and the adoption of the Program of the CPSU socio-economic literature is paying more and more attention to theoretical issues related to the advancement of our society to communism. Among the issues of paramount importance is the question of the material and technical base of communism - clarification of the content of this category, its difference from the concept of productive forces, clarification of socio-economic consequences that will entail the creation of the material and technical base of communism. Of particular importance is the question of the change in the structure of the national economy and its individual branches, which occurs during the period of deployed construction of communism.

Coal production. The Soviet Union could solve the internal and external tasks that arose for the country after the victory of the October Revolution, and above all, the world-historical task of building a socialist society, only through socialist industrialization.

Second Five-Year Plan. The production of coal. The years of the Second Five-Year Plan are the years of further strengthening of the Soviet state, when the main historical task of the Second Five-Year Plan was solved: the final liquidation of all exploiting classes, the complete destruction of the causes that give rise to the exploitation of man by man and the division of society into exploiters and exploited.

The first steps towards implementing workers' control in industry were taken during the February bourgeois-democratic revolution. Immediately after the February events in Petrograd, the factory committees of the factories of the military and naval ministries, elected in the first days of the revolution, in the absence of administration, which had partially fled or been removed by the workers themselves after the fall of the monarchy, were faced with the need to deal with issues of wages, supplying enterprises with fuel, raw materials, etc. A similar situation developed in a number of other state and private enterprises. The Provisional Government, expressing the interests of the bourgeoisie, sought to limit the rights of the factory committees to issues of labor and representation before government and public institutions, avoiding even mentioning the control functions of the factory committees in official documents. The working class soon broke the narrow framework in which the bourgeoisie tried to place the activities of the factory committees. The victory of the Great October Socialist Revolution introduced into the activities of factory committees are fundamentally new: they have become officially recognized organs of workers' control, relying on the full power of the proletarian state (see article).

The question of the role of the main branches of the mining industry and the closely related ferrous metallurgy in the First World War is of undoubted interest. Meanwhile, in the literature on mining and economics, this period has been covered less than others. The objective of this article is to show the real role of the main branches of the mining industry in the military economy of pre-revolutionary Russia. It examines - to the extent that the size of the article allows - the question of the development of the mining industry before the First World War, then during the war itself, the role of monopolies and foreign capital, military-industrial committees, the material situation of miners. Of course, these questions can be correctly illuminated only if they are taken not in isolation, but in the closest connection with the general economic state of Russia, with the socio-political situation, in a word, with the entire set of conditions for the historical development of the country.