Different types of technological and technical problems in the oil, gas and chemical industries are connected with the hydrate formation process and with the using of anti-hydrate chemicals. That is why, it is necessary to estimate thermobaric ranges within which reagents does not let hydrate to grow or is their dissociation. Also, to estimate anti-hydrate influence we need to determine the chemicals’ anti-hydrate efficiency and chose the best one. They make the reagents consisting of several chemical components depending on the purpose of their application – for prevention of formation and (or) elimination of hydrates. It demands calculations of the optimum concentration and expenses and also the intensity (speed) of hydrates dissociation causing with the reagents. The analytical method of the anti-hydrate chemical reagents efficiency determination containing one or several components from different classes of chemical compounds – alcohols, salts, acids, compounds of nitrogen and oxygen – is presented in this paper. With its help it is possible to define decrease in temperature of hydrate formation from reagents influence, to count key parameters of reagents anti-hydrate efficiency depending on component compositions of hydrate gas and a phase condition of a hydrate-gas system, to select types of chemical components and their quantity in multicomponent reagents, i.e., to make new compounds. The method can be used for express assessment of anti-hydrate chemical reagents efficiency on criteria sign for practical application in oil, gas and processing industry.
In the systems of collection, preparation, transportation and processing of hydrocarbons in conditions of a certain temperature and pressure, gas hydrates, which adversely affect the operation of the processing equipment, are formed. To prevent hydrate formation, it is necessary to determine the time and rate of growth. For this purpose, physical and mathematical models describing the growth of crystalline hydrates are being designed and developed. The developed models differ from one other. The reason for the difference is that each model is designed for specific temperature and pressure conditions and individual gas hydrates (or mixtures). The main theoretical models describing the process of growth of hydrates under different conditions are presented.
