Geochemistry, as a science that studies the chemistry of the Earth in its historical development, originated at the end of the XIX century and finally formed as an independent branch at the beginning of the next century, mainly due to the works of our compatriots - V. I. Vernadsky and A. E. Fersman, as well as W. M. Goldschmidt, F. W. Clarke and X. С. Washington. The further development of geochemistry is due to the studies of A. P. Vinogradov, A. A. Saukov, V. V. Shcherbina, and others. Practical use of the general provisions formulated in the works of the founders of this science, also began in our country in the years of the first Five-Year Plan.