In the bases of multilevel dumps three complexes of rocks characterized by different physical and mechanical properties are clearly distinguished.The first complex is represented by modern soils of floodplain terraces of river valleys and gullies. Its thickness is 0.5-15 m. The soils of this complex are fully water-saturated, highly compressible and have extremely low shear resistance. They form weakening zones in the bases of dumps, where creep phenomena and extrusion landslides develop. The soils of this complex require special engineering measures aimed at drainage and strengthening. ...
Dumping at KMA quarries is characterized by wide development of design and construction of high multilevel dumps of large capacity; application of powerful high-performance machinery of cyclic and continuous action; formation of dumps from various, in many cases weak overburden rocks on weak bases. To determine the optimal parameters of dumps under the conditions of stability requires the solution of not only static, but also dynamic and kinematic problems. ...
