In recent years, there have been opportunities to study the internal structure of glacial covers by methods of isotopic and geochemical glaciology as a result of the introduction of new technical means and methods of deep drilling with core sampling into research.

To date, rich material has been accumulated on the properties and material composition of fresh ice, which was obtained during glaciological, geophysical, geochemical and microbiological studies of the ice core of the Arctic and Antarctic.

In order to take significant samples of liquid or gas in order to study in detail the material composition of various horizons of glacial covers, the distribution of rare or dispersed chemical elements in them, their isotopic composition, etc. in the practice of glaciological research, the method of drilling wells with melting in the sampling interval of the necessary volume of caverns is widely used.

At the Leningrad Mining Institute, work is underway to create techniques and technology for deep drilling-melting wells in ice deposits. At the inland Antarctic Vostok station and on scientific cruises more than 4000 m of boreholes with complete coring were drilled ...