As a result of the conducted research, the safety analysis of the trunk pipeline transportation operation was performed on the basis of environmental risk assessment, determined on the basis of diagnostic efficiency, preventive measures, taking into account the impact of terrain and the mass of accidental oil release. Analysis of environmental risks of accidental oil release allowed to identify the most dangerous sections of the trunk pipeline, to develop engineering measures for environmental protection, consisting in installation of additional locking devices, creation of additional "barns" for oil collection, bunding of the territory.