At present, there is an increasing role of aerospace information technology, based on the use of radio engineering systems in the microwave range of radio waves, in solving the problems of environmental protection, in particular in assessing the biological and ecological state of the boreal forests of the planet. An electrophysical model of the forest canopy is required to adequately assess the state of the forest cover based on aerospace sensing data. Experimental results of ultra-wideband radar sensing of the "reference scene" of larch forest canopy, which can become the initial data for the construction of the forest canopy electrophysical model, are described.
Recently, there has been an increased interest in aerospace methods of studying the Earth's surface, in particular, forest cover, the main tool of which is artificial and natural electromagnetic radiation of the radio-frequency range. The forest is semi-transparent to this band. This means that the forest can be probed to its full depth using radio waves, which is particularly important, for example, for ecological monitoring of the forest as the "lungs of the planet". The procedure of signal sensing and registration with the help of microprocessor-based control systems provides results of high accuracy, makes it possible to improve the accuracy of radiophysical characteristics of the forest cover and solve inverse problems.
