New methods of remote determination of the thickness, spill area and type of oil film on the water surface using fluorimetric lidar have been developed, providing monitoring of oil films in the thickness range from several micrometers to several tens of micrometers from a moving ship and a low-flying aircraft. The ultrasonic express-method has been developed for express measurement of films with thickness more than 100 micrometers. In realizing this method, measurements are made in real time by probing the water surface from a moving ship using an ultrasonic source and receiver placed under water. The efficiency of these methods has been studied experimentally in laboratory conditions with the use of different types of oil spilled on the water surface. The principles of constructing a biotechnical system for assessing the current state and forecasting the quality of water environments polluted by oil products are considered.
A method for remote determination of oil film thickness on water surface using Iidar fluorimetric instrument has been developed. To use this method in real conditions it is necessary to determine the type of oil on the basis of remote measurement of the fluorescence spectral band shape. However, laboratory studies have shown that the fluorescence spectra of true oil differ from those of an oil film on the water surface. This difference is most significant for thin films. Therefore, a new technique is proposed to estimate true oil fluorescence spectra from the Iidar fluorescence signal of oil film on water. The feasibility of the method for monitoring oil spills on water surface was investigated in laboratory conditions using different types of oil. The operability of the proposed method was confirmed by experimental results.
