The object of the research is industrial effluents of chemical plants containing aromatic compounds (phenols). The aim of R&D is to develop a scientific basis and method of neutralization of highly toxic aromatic compounds under the influence of ultrasound. The chemical effects of ultrasound in aqueous medium are observed under conditions of nonlinear vibration propagation and are associated with the phenomenon of cavitation. Under the influence of intense alternating vibrations, the liquid ruptures with the formation of a cavity, the development of which leads to the appearance of radical highly reactive particles. In the case of water such particles are hydrogen atom and hydroxyl radical. The hydroxyl radical is capable of oxidizing almost all known organic compounds; being a typical electrophile, OH* easily reacts with molecules containing an aromatic ring (chlorinated lignins and their fragments, chlorophenols, phenols). As a result of the interaction, the R-groups in the side chain are replaced with hydroxyls; the cleavage of the aromatic core leads to the formation of carboxylic and hydroxycarboxylic acids. Thus, the practical application of ultrasonic vibrations (USV) leads to detoxification of industrial effluents containing organochlorine compounds without introducing additional chemical reagents into the system.
The object of research is industrial effluents of chemical enterprises containing organochlorine compounds; the aim of the research is to develop a scientific basis and method of neutralization of highly toxic organochlorine compounds in the effluents of chemical enterprises, the impact of ultrasound. Sonolysis of H 2 O, H 2 O 2 , CCI 4 , etc. in a liquid-phase medium produces radical particles of H, OH, CI, CCI 3 , etc., which initiate oxidation reactions of chloroaromatic substances - lignin fragments (oligomers. smoke, phenols and other compounds) contained in industrial effluents to carbonic and hydroxycarboxylic acids with transition of elimination chlorine into solution as chloride-anion. Wastewater from bleaching facilities of pulp companies, and effluents from pyrolysis plants containing organochlorine compounds after treatment in an industrial generator of ultrasound at a frequency of 20-22 kHz and up to 400 kHz for 10-15 minutes become suitable for further processing at the stage of biological treatment. After treatment in the field of ultrasonic vibrations at the stage of biological treatment wastewater can be returned to a closed cycle of water use in this production.
