As the population of our planet grows, the degree of negative impact on the biosphere steadily increases. This is due to the fact that, on the one hand, more and more minerals are extracted, more plant and animal products are harvested, more and more natural water is used for industrial, residential and agricultural purposes (Table 1), reclaimed land is brought into agricultural turnover, cities and settlements, production facilities are built, etc. On the other hand, the economic activity of mankind is steadily accompanied by an increase in the volume of various kinds of industrial and municipal wastes. For example, such components as garbage, waste and refuse are accumulated on a global scale in the amount of more than 20 10 tons per year.
