Formation of longitudinal and volumetric waves in a vicinity of a cavity of the explosive chamber is investigated. By the received results the conclusion is made, that for an estimation of parameters of waves of pressure on walls of an explosive cavity the shock adiabatic curve of an elastic harbinger, because of affinity of adiabatic curves of an elastic harbinger and a wave of volumetric compression can be used.
The efficiency of rock destruction by explosion of explosives also depends on the dissipation energy. When using explosives with different detonation characteristics, the dissipation energy changes significantly in the crushing zone, which in turn affects the overall destruction efficiency.
A significant part of energy (up to 70%) in explosive destruction is irreversibly spent on heating of rock particles in the near zone and represents dissipative losses. The consequence of intensive dissipative processes is an increase in temperature and the development of induced microcracking in the medium deformed by the explosion. A significant fraction of energy remains in the explosion cavity in the form of internal energy of detonation products and can also be attributed to dissipative losses. Thus, only a part of the explosion energy is spent on the formation of mechanical disturbances. Therefore, when solving problems about the formation and propagation of stress waves, it is necessary to keep in mind the effects of energy dissipation.
