The paper presents separate results of complex research (experimental and theoretical) on the application of heat-exchange tunnels – in frozen rocks, among other things – as underground constructions serving two purposes. It is proposed to use heat-exchange tunnels as a separate multi-functional module, which under normal conditions will be used to set standards of heat regime parameters in the mines, and in emergency situations, natural or man-made, will serve as a protective structure to shelter mine workers. Heat-exchange modules can be made from mined-out or specially constructed tunnels. Economic analysis shows that the use of such multi-functional modules does not increase operation and maintenance costs, but enhances safety of mining operations and reliability in case of emergency situations. There are numerous theoretic and experimental investigations in the field of complex use of mining tunnels, which allows to develop regulatory design documents on their basis. Experience of practical application of heat-exchange tunnels has been assessed from the position of regulating heat regime in the mines.
Are given the results of the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the formation of the thermal condition of the contemporary mechanized mines in cryolite zone. Are established basic laws governing the formation of thermal condition in workings of mine and their surrounding rocks during the annual cycle. The estimation of the hardness of microclimate with the operation of mine without the regulation of thermal condition is made. It was established that for most existing and planned mines in permafrost areas the gravity of microclimate during the cold period of the year exceeds the maximum permissible values along the whole length of the ventilation path. This can cause a significant increase in occurrence of cold-like occupational diseases in the workers. It is shown that the part of the productions of mine, with the operation under the conditions of the uncontrolled thermal condition, does not answer the criterion of safety with the appearance of extraordinary situations. In particular, it is connected with that the standard self-rescuers commonly used in the mines have the lowest operating temperature not less than -20 0 С. During the cold period of the year the air temperature in most workings is lower than this value. In accordance with the results of research an algorithm for prognosis and assessment of parameters of heat regime of mines which would allow to secure a safe exploitation of the mine during both normal operating conditions and in cases of emergency situations.
Some experimental results of increase of stability of mine workings are presented in this article. The investigated mine workings are located in the permafrost conditions and the increasing of stability is achieved by insulation. Problems of thermal protection of frozen breeds are considered at high temperatures of air in mine workings.
The results of comprehensive research on the change of energy expenses, depending on the operating parameters of the cooling microclimate, on the basis of which is determined by the need to adjust the work and rest conditions for workers of the northern regions.
Systems of regulation of a thermal conditions of air of mines of the north in which energy sources have an any arrangement on length of developments are investigated. Optimum distances between sources by criterion of economy of energy on air condition in mine are certain. Laws of an arrangement of energy sources are established at the constant and variable charge of air in development.
Results of researches on influence of a thermal mode on reliability of work of machines and mechanisms in underground construction of the North are analyzed. It is shown, that by a choice of rational ways of regulation of a thermal mode and technical actions, maintenance of normative parameters of operation of mountain machines is possible at construction of underground constructions and robing in mines of the North.
The basic principles of calculation of mine technical systems for regulating the thermal regime of air are outlined. A new approach to modeling of thermal conditions in the mine workings is used. Mining technical systems are presented as systems with properties changing in coordinates and time.
