Article is devoted to creation of new compositions of process solutions for lining of directional wells at high temperatures. Developed compositions provide high durability characteristics of cement stone. It is shown that with an increase in packing density of cementing slurry components durability characteristics increase and porosity and permeability of cement stone decrease, whereas an increase in temperature and pressure leads to a significant increase in compressive and bending durability, which is associated with presence of quartz in them. It has been established that introduction of special structure-forming additives to the composition of developed cementing solutions allows formation of sedimentation-resistant cement systems that can provide an increase in durability characteristics of cement stone and, in general, quality lining of directional wells. Study of rheological properties of developed cementing compositions showed that the systems have high yield strength at increased temperatures and pressures. Developed compositions of water-based spacer fluids increase the cleansing degree for both casing and rocks surfaces from mud and clay cake residues, which improves the cementing quality of oil and gas wells. Mechanism for increasing the washing ability of spacer fluids and durability characteristics of cement stone, depending on composition and properties of their constituent components, is disclosed.
The article deals with the peculiarities of engineering geological and hydrogeological conditions in the paleovalley zone in northwestern part of St. Petersburg. The paper focuses on the main aspects of complex development of underground space of heterogeneous zones.
The article describes the features of geomorphological and geological-structural construction, engineering-geological and hydrogeological conditions of Primorskiy part of Saint Petersburg. There are describe a geological section of rocks of the Quaternary, given hydrochemical characteristic for typification and zoning of development areas of construction.
Problems of reclamation the grounds broken as a result of development of deposits of minerals, borrow priority position in modern researches on rational use of natural resources. In clause the approach to the decision of the given problem from a position of engineering geology is considered.
The new innovative program of the Saint-Petersburg State Mining Institute provides the organization of all-the-year-round operating range in Kavgolovo of the Leningrad region. There are new buildings for training and residing of students will be construct. Hydrogeology and engineering geology department of Mining Institute together with the prospecting organization «SU-299» were carried out the researchers for the construction of the buildings. The archival and literature data, results of the researches of engineering-geological conditions and a hydrogeological structure of Kavgolovo range were analyzed. The parameters of mechanical-and-physic properties of sandy-argillaceous rocks of the buildings rafts were obtained. The materials will be used during the field training with students of a specialty «Underground waters exploration and engineering-geological researches».
On the basis of the general engineering-geological typification of mineral deposits V.D. Lomtadze proposes to build a typification taking into account the difficulties of reclamation of the consequences of open pit or underground mining. Typification can be used at the stage of designing a mining enterprise with inclusion of physical and biological reclamation of disturbed lands into the project.
