Organotin pollutants in emerging coastal-marine sediments  of the Kaliningrad shelf, Baltic Sea

Zoya A. Zhakovskaya; Galina I. Kukhareva; Polina V. Bash; Daria V. Ryabchuk; Alexander Yu. Sergeev

Vol 267

Pages:

356-371

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RUS ENG

Research article

Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology

Organotin pollutants in emerging coastal-marine sediments of the Kaliningrad shelf, Baltic Sea

Authors:

Zoya A. Zhakovskaya¹

Galina I. Kukhareva²

Polina V. Bash³

Daria V. Ryabchuk⁴

Alexander Yu. Sergeev⁵

About authors

1 — Ph.D. Leading Researcher Saint Petersburg Federal Research Center of the RAS ▪ Orcid ▪ Scopus
2 — Researcher Saint Petersburg Federal Research Center of the RAS ▪ Orcid ▪ Scopus
3 — Junior Researcher Saint Petersburg Federal Research Center of the RAS ▪ Orcid
4 — Ph.D. Head of Department A.P.Karpinsky Russian Geological Institute ▪ Orcid ▪ Scopus
5 — Ph.D. Senior Researcher A.P.Karpinsky Russian Geological Institute ▪ Orcid ▪ Scopus

Date submitted:

2024-03-30

Date accepted:

2024-06-13

Date published:

2024-07-04

Abstract

Based on two years of monitoring of modern bottom sediments of two sections of the Kaliningrad shelf of the Baltic Sea – “Curonian Spit” and “Northern Sambian” – an assessment of the sources of pollution with organotin compounds (OTs) and heavy metals was carried out. The content of individual organotin compounds and OTCs spectra obtained by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry of relatively coarse-grained bottom sediments indicate the presence of organotins in significant quantities – the total OTs content (ΣOTs) is from 0.6 to 8.3 ng/g. However, the content of tributyltin (TBT), the main component of anti-fouling systems for marine vessels and the most dangerous endocrine-disrupting compound among the hazardous substances for marine ecosystems, is at a low level (0-2.3 ng/g) in all studied samples and has not increased over the two-year observation period (biodegradation index 1.7-12.4). At the same time, the presence of abnormally high concentrations of mono-, triphenyl- and tricyclohexyltin in the sediments of the ”Northern Sambian” site (up to 30, 7 and 6.4 ng/g, respectively) indicates an additional source of pollution of coastal waters and shelf sediments (for example, plastic litter and agricultural runoff). The absence of significant shipping in the study areas ensures a consistently low level of pollution with tributyltin and its derivatives (less than 0.3 and 2.3 ng/g of TBT in 2017 and less than 0.1 and 1.3 ng/g in 2018 for the sites “Curonian Spit” and “Northern Sambian”, respectively), which indicates the activity of the processes of TBT transformation and self-cleaning of sandy sediments. However, the identified trends and their predictive accuracy require long-term observation and monitoring of the sediment environment using data on the deep-water part of the shelf, enriched in clay and humus components.

Keywords:

organotin compounds tributyltin bottom sediments Curonian Spit Baltic Sea

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Organotin pollutants in emerging coastal-marine sediments of the Kaliningrad shelf, Baltic Sea

Abstract

References

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