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Research article
Geology

Inclusions of diamond crystals in the tourmaline of the schorl-uvite series: problems of genesis

Authors:
Andrey V. Korsakov1
Denis S. Mikhailenko2
Le Zhang3
Yi-Gang Xu4
About authors
  • 1 — Ph.D., Dr.Sci. Chief Researcher V.S.Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy Siberian Branch RAS ▪ Orcid
  • 2 — Ph.D. Senior Researcher V.S.Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy Siberian Branch RAS ▪ Orcid
  • 3 — Ph.D. Head of Laboratory State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry and CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Science ▪ Orcid
  • 4 — Academician Chinese of Science State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry and CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Science ▪ Orcid
Date submitted:
2022-12-01
Date accepted:
2023-01-19
Date published:
2023-05-18

Abstract

The mineralogical and geochemical features of diamond-bearing tourmaline crystals (schorl-uvite series) from garnet-clinopyroxene rocks of the Kumdy-Kol deposit (Northern Kazakhstan) have been studied in detail. The formation of the main rock-forming minerals (garnet + K-bearing clinopyroxene) occurred in the diamond stability field at 4-6 GPa and 950-1000 °C. Crystallization of K-bearing clinopyroxene at these parameters is possible in the presence of an ultra-potassic fluid or melt formed because of crustal material melting in subduction zones. Tourmaline crystals (up to 1 cm) containing diamond inclusions perform veins crosscutting high-pressure associations. The composition of individual zones varies from schorl to uvite within both a single grain and the sample as a whole. The potassium content in this tourmaline does not exceed 0.1 wt.% K 2 O, and the isotopic composition of boron δ 11 B varies from –10 to –15.5 ‰, which significantly differs from the previously established isotopic composition of boron in maruyamaite crystals (δ 11 B 7.7 ‰ in the core and –1.2 ‰ in the rim) of the same deposit. Analysis of the obtained data on δ 11 B in the tourmalines from the diamond-grade metamorphic rocks within the Kumdy-Kol deposit suggests the existence of two boron sources that resulted in crystallization of K-bearing tourmaline crystals (maruyamaite-dravite series) and potassium-free tourmalines of the schorl-uvite series.

Keywords:
tourmaline diamond boron isotopic composition silicate-carbonate rocks subduction high pressure metamorphism Kokchetav
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