From the history of Russian geology of the second half of the 19th century. (to the 50th anniversary of the death of N.A. Golovkinsky and the 80th anniversary of his theory)
Abstract
In Russia, due to the peculiarities of its historical development, in the second half of the last century, a large group of major figures in science and art emerged. The talented geologist Nikolai Alekseevich Golovkinsky belongs to the glorious galaxy of advanced scientists of this time. Having established for the first time a concrete connection between the oscillatory movements of the earth’s surface and the process of formation of the sedimentary shell of the earth's crust, he was in this regard a successor of the ideas of the brilliant Lomonosov. He gave the first in the history of geology a thoroughly developed scheme for the formation of a layered structure based on the movement of facies in connection with the movement of the coastline. N.A. Golovkinsky was the first to give a clear scheme for the formation of a layered structure and introduced the most important concepts about geological horizons (petrographic or lithological, chronological, stratigraphic and paleontological); he expanded the concept of facies and with all this laid the foundation for the correct understanding and solution of issues of stratigraphic parallelization and geological synchronization. The principles of terrace formation (valley formation) formulated by him, which underlie modern geomorphological concepts, are very profound. N.A. Golovkinsky is the immediate predecessor of A.P. Karpinsky in questions about oscillatory movements. A list of scientific works by N.A. Golovkinsky is provided.
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