Hydraulic insulation and its application for various purposes in the coal industry

Abstract

The lining of mine workings is usually carried out using brickwork on cement, concreting or cement pouring. Depending on the water pressure, its quantity, composition, temperature or technical conditions, cement of various grades is used, and sand and gravel of the most varied granulometric composition and quality are used. The disadvantages of brickwork and even concrete masonry include their water permeability (especially with high water pressure). With cement pouring, it is necessary to have a significant thickness of the cement layer, as well as the absence of water movement. Only under these conditions does the cement set and have a certain degree of water resistance. It should be noted at the same time that concrete and even cement do not completely fill all the voids that they should fill. For example, cracks and irregularities in the walls of mine workings are poorly filled if; they are of insignificant size. These voids and cracks are always filled with water during concreting and cementation, since it penetrates well into all, even the smallest, cracks. This ability of water to penetrate and fill all cracks is used by the nitrogen oxides in the proposed type of plugging. The substance that can isolate cracks and irregularities in rocks and prevent water from entering mine workings is rubber.