Monitoring of the stability of technogenic objects is a critical aspect of ensuring safety and preventing emergencies caused by mining and geological processes. The integrated use of various monitoring methods allows obtaining comprehensive information on the dynamics of deformation processes. The complex system of geotechnical monitoring of technogenic objects on the basis of geospatial data was developed, which was tested in the conditions of the “Edelweiss +” open-pit coal mine (Republic of Kazakhstan). The system was based on the step-by-step integration of Earth remote sensing methods, satellite radar interferometry, aerial photography with the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), as well as modern instrumental methods – electronic tacheometry and GNSS measurements. The first stage – analysis of archive satellite images to identify areas of significant surface displacements. The second stage is aerial photography using UAVs to create detailed 3D models of surface areas with deformations. The third stage includes the creation of a geomechanical monitoring system based on instrumental observation methods in areas with critical changes. The final stage is the creation and updating of a geospatial database that provides continuous monitoring of the object’s condition. As a result of testing of the geotechnical monitoring system based on Sentinel-1 and TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X satellite images, surface subsidence of up to 25 mm was detected on the northern side of the “Edelweiss +” open-pit mine. Aerial photography of the open-pit mine allowed us to construct digital 3D models of the terrain, the comparison of which confirmed deformation processes at the +556 m horizon. Instrumental observations using modern geodetic methods clarified the type and dynamics of deformations of the rock mass. Integration of geospatial data in the geotechnical monitoring system ensures prompt detection of deformations, their analysis and forecast, which allows us to minimize the risks of destruction and increase the safety of operation of technogenic objects.
