The results of experiments aimed at studying the influence of various nanomaterials on the key properties of drilling emulsions based on diesel fuel are presented. The nanomaterials used included spherical SiO2 nanoparticles with sizes of 5 and 80 nm, single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotubes, as well as Al2O3 nanofibers. The nanomaterials were incorporated into standard formulations of drilling fluids containing a hydrocarbon phase of 65 %, with a mass concentration of nanomaterials in the emulsions reaching up to 2 %. The study examined the rheological, filtration, and antifriction properties, as well as the colloidal stability and inhibiting capacity of the modified drilling emulsions. It was demonstrated that even at low concentrations, the nanomaterials significantly affect the properties of drilling emulsions, indicating their potential for practical applications. Furthermore, the use of nanotubes exhibits effectiveness at lower concentrations (0.1 wt.%) compared to spherical nanoparticles.