The study of finely dispersed fraction of nano- and microscale size formed as a result of rock destruction by explosions of chemical explosives and rock slope collapse has been carried out. The possibility of formation of nanoscale particles from 20nm to 240µm in case of rock destruction by explosion and from 77nm to 2µm in case of rock slides is shown. Particles propagating in the atmosphere, formed in the explosion funnel and at the base of rock landslides are considered. Statistical analysis of the fine particle fraction by size is performed and compared with the classical Kolmogorov and Rosin-Rammler distributions. The peculiarities of the character of fine particles crushing depending on the size and type of rocks were analyzed.