Vol 155 No 2
-
Date submitted2002-07-27
-
Date accepted2002-08-24
-
Date published2003-02-01
Anisotropic transformation of the gravimetric field during tracing of discontinuous dislocations
- Authors:
- A. P. Bednenko
The traditional version of tracing discontinuous dislocations on the materials of gravity reconnaissance involves the transformation of the anomalous field into a field of complete horizontal gradient. In the presence of a complex, differently oriented fault system, the integral nature of the gravity field significantly complicates the solution of the problem. For such geological conditions, the anisotropic transformation method, which is characterized by greater efficiency and resolution, is proposed. The main characteristics of anisotropic transformation and recommendations on the choice of optimal transformation parameters are given.
-
Date submitted2002-07-27
-
Date accepted2002-08-20
-
Date published2003-02-01
Representatives of the suborder ammonitina from stratotypic and reference sections of the Jurassic of England, France, and Germany
- Authors:
- D. V. Bezgodova
The collection of ammonites from typical sections of the Jurassic system of Germany, England, and France is characterized. The collection was assembled in the early twentieth century and is stored at the St. Petersburg Mining Institute. The diagnosis of ammonite forms is revised. An analysis of the lobate lines is given. The collection includes the following forms: Psilloceras eruatum Phillips; Gleviceros victoris Sow.; Androgynoceras capricornus Schl.; Echioceras regulare True.-W.; Acanthopleuroceras valdani; Soninia sp.; Witchellia laeviusculata Sow.; Ludwigia Murchisoni Sow.; Euaspidoceras ex. gr. perarmatum Sow.
-
Date submitted2002-07-25
-
Date accepted2002-08-27
-
Date published2003-02-01
Geochemical studies of the environment of the city of Aksai, Rostov Oblast
- Authors:
- A. V. Belousova
Geochemical studies of springs, soils, atmospheric deposition (aerosols) of Aksai were carried out. Maps of distribution of chemical elements in soils and atmospheric air on the basis of the program "Arc View GIS 3.2" were constructed. It was found that within the boundaries of Aksai quite a powerful zinc-lead-chromium anomaly was formed.
-
Date submitted2002-07-15
-
Date accepted2002-08-18
-
Date published2003-02-01
Capillary forces as the main factor of oil displacement resistance in West Siberian fields
- Authors:
- E. Yu. Bolshakova
Up to 90% of oil is not extracted from the subsurface due to the counteraction of capillary forces. However, when modeling oil reservoirs, on the basis of which development projects are prepared, these characteristics of productive formations are practically not considered. Capillary effects are especially important at the fields with hard-to-recover reserves, where the oil recovery currently does not exceed 20 %. The study of capillary characteristics of a number of fields in Western Siberia allowed to clarify the contours of oil bearing capacity, to differentiate deposits by field characteristics, to select areas with active reserves and to recommend measures to improve the efficiency of their development.
-
Date submitted2002-07-29
-
Date accepted2002-08-06
-
Date published2003-02-01
Improving the quality of wellbore cementing by applying the technology of vibrating the entire length of the production string during the initial period of waiting for cement curing
- Authors:
- L. I. Garipova
- R. A. Usmanov
The results of introduction in practice of the complex technology of well completion and well casing, developed in the Oktyabrsky branch of VNII GIS, aimed at quality casing in wells and increase of well service life, are evaluated. Briefly considered the stages of implementation of the technology in wells, presents materials of geophysical studies on basic and experimental wells, the results of technological efficiency of work. Conclusions are set out to assess the quality and technical and economic indicators of well cementing. When cementing casing strings, improvement of formation separation quality is observed. The probability of behind-the-casing flows decreases and the period of corrosion resistance of the casing increases. The necessity of further application of this technology as well as work on modernization of technical samples technology is noted.
-
Date submitted2002-07-10
-
Date accepted2002-08-05
-
Date published2003-02-01
Expansion of filter zones of hydrogeological and water wells
- Authors:
- K. S. Goidenko
The problem of increasing the flow rate of wells by expanding the filter installation area is considered. Some existing constructions of reamers with the analysis of their advantages and disadvantages are given. A schematic diagram of a new reamer, developed at the Department of Exploration Drilling of MGRU, is given.
-
Date submitted2002-07-21
-
Date accepted2002-08-08
-
Date published2003-02-01
Management of rheological properties of the washing fluid by targeted treatment with reagents of the polyacrylate group
- Authors:
- D. A. Dernov
Relevance of development of flushing fluids is substantiated by the lack of a range of effective and inexpensive import-substituting reagents for the preparation of drilling fluids used in the oil and gas industry in Russia. The analysis and comparison of clayey and biopolymer flushing fluids with fluids produced by treatment with acrylic polymer "Comet-Meteor" are made, with the advantages of the latter indicated. Laboratory researches are carried out, on the basis of which the further direction of works for creation of flushing liquids is offered.
-
Date submitted2002-07-15
-
Date accepted2002-08-24
-
Date published2003-02-01
Formation of the chemical composition of groundwater of the Vorontsov karst massif (Western Caucasus)
- Authors:
- T. B. Zhabinskaya
The aim of our expedition was to conduct a comprehensive study of the Vorontsov cave system. The research was conducted by route observations on the surface of the area of work and in the karst cavities. The main direction of the research was to study the chemical composition of waters on their way from the area of feeding to the area of unloading. Hydrochemical studies of the Vorontsovskaya cave system indicate increased concentrations of hydrocarbonate ion and calcium ion, as well as an increase in the content of nitrogen compounds in the studied waters (due to anthropogenic pollution).
-
Date submitted2002-07-13
-
Date accepted2002-08-05
-
Date published2003-02-01
Geo-environmental and engineering-geological analysis of the causes of destruction of some structures of the South water supply station (St. Petersburg)
- Authors:
- E. G. Zakharova
The geotechnical and geo-ecological conditions of the site of the operating building of the complex treatment of the Nevsky water BKO-1 of the South water supply station have been analyzed and assessed. Taking into account the specific geo-ecological conditions of the object under study, recommendations for the elimination of the pre-emergency condition of the above facility and the improvement of its operational reliability have been developed. Particular attention should be paid to the biochemical gas generation in the basement thickness, the high level of microbial contamination of soils, construction materials of underground structures, exterior and interior walls, as well as the load-bearing columns.
-
Date submitted2002-07-18
-
Date accepted2002-08-14
-
Date published2003-02-01
New Samolazovsky type of gold deposits in Central Aldan, features of processed ores, mineralization forecast
- Authors:
- V. A. Zelikov
The new Samolazovskoye gold deposit (Central Aldan, Yakutia) is intensively developed by heap leaching. The loose oxidized ores with very fine free gold, with the practical absence of clay minerals, provide a high efficiency of their processing. The very small size of the goldtins and identified in the fine fraction skarn mineral - richterite confirm the idea of the primary source of the metal - it is the surrounding industrial deposit weakly gold-bearing sulfidized skarns. Due to their oxidation the concentration of gold occurred to the level of industrial grades.
-
Date submitted2002-07-19
-
Date accepted2002-08-24
-
Date published2003-02-01
Material composition and formation conditions of Sarmatian deposits of the Stavropol arch
- Authors:
- A. V. Korkoshko
Metalliferous Middle Sarmatian deposits in the southwestern part of the Stavropol arch are a promising source of titanium-zirconium raw materials (Beshpagir deposit). In terms of their textural and structural features, granulometric and mineral composition, these formations correspond to the main industrial-genetic type of titanium-zirconium placers.
-
Date submitted2002-07-11
-
Date accepted2002-08-18
-
Date published2003-02-01
Deposit modeling using ROXAR's IRAP RMS software package
- Authors:
- S. V. Lyadov
Over two decades, the methodology of studying objects in the subsurface has changed radically: a transition to modern digital technology of accumulation, processing and interpretation of geological information has taken place. Application of three-dimensional computer models in analysis of structure and other characteristics of formation and ore bodies is spreading. Digital models enable comprehensive visualization of hidden objects, provide a clear description of very complex deposits. Pre-project modeling makes it much easier to choose the best options for exploration and development of deposits.
-
Date submitted2002-07-30
-
Date accepted2002-08-18
-
Date published2003-02-01
Geoecology of an industrially developed region and improvement of environmental control methods (the example of Vladikavkaz)
- Authors:
- A. O. Makovozov
The sources of the Vladikavkaz technogenic halo are identified and evaluated. The spatial structure of the Vladikavkaz technogenic halo is studied and determined by sampling data of soils, grounds and bottom sediments. Economic assessment of the damage to the geological environment is given.
-
Date submitted2002-07-25
-
Date accepted2002-08-03
-
Date published2003-02-01
Engineering and geological surveys for reclamation of lands disturbed during field development (by the example of the SOBR)
- Authors:
- G. B. Pospekhov
The role and types of engineering and geological research for quality reclamation work on land disturbed by field development are reviewed.
-
Date submitted2002-07-05
-
Date accepted2002-08-21
-
Date published2003-02-01
Study of hydrogen sulfide corrosion in plugging materials
- Authors:
- V. V. Salyaev
Studies of the formation process of cement slurries of different compositions containing several reagents and the effect of these reagent complexes on the process of hydration and corrosion fracture under the action of aqueous solution of hydrogen sulfide are given. In laboratory conditions have been investigated and studied slips prepared from cement stone of various compositions and shelf life. For comparison experiments were carried out in the absence and presence of aggressive environment. Obtained samples were analyzed, compared with the reference and described by observation under a microscope.
-
Date submitted2002-07-10
-
Date accepted2002-08-04
-
Date published2003-02-01
Control of drilling parameters with the AMT-121 station
- Authors:
- E. V. Suetina
The AMT-121 station of ZAO Automated Monitoring Technologies is designed for operational geological and technological control of drilling vertical, directional and horizontal oil and gas wells. It provides drilling crews, technological and geological services of oil and gas production and drilling companies with complete and reliable information for optimal and trouble-free well drilling, optimal geological control of well drilling and well testing, management of field exploration and development. Monitors more than 90 measured and calculated geological, technological and technical-economic drilling parameters. Provides mechanical, filtration and gas logs. Performs lithologic column plotting, reservoir isolation with formation and pore pressure calculations, and prediction and delineation of zones of abnormally high formation pressure. Processes inclinometric measurements, builds well projections and makes wells prognosis in the tolerance circle. Automatically identifies the occurrence of 20 types of complications and emergencies.
-
Date submitted2002-07-03
-
Date accepted2002-08-20
-
Date published2003-02-01
Impact of urbanization on hydrogeoecological conditions of Tyumen
- Authors:
- A. M. Terenteva
The analysis of the current state of hydrogeoecological conditions of Tyumen was carried out. The changes in the level regime, hydrochemical conditions, the main objects polluting underground and surface waters of the city were investigated.
-
Date submitted2002-07-16
-
Date accepted2002-08-25
-
Date published2003-02-01
New methodology for developing bituminous deposits
- Authors:
- N. V. Faizullina
The aim of the method is to create a method of effective displacement of bitumen and thereby increasing the extraction rate of bitumen through direct impact on the bitumen and its host sandstone, as well as by reducing the size of the extraction cell to the optimal size, which virtually eliminates uncontrolled output of directed heat flow through tectonic fractures, bypassing the bitumen layer in the extraction element. The method includes drilling of injection, drainage and production wells, injection of coolant through the injection wells, dewatering of the bitumen layer with the drainage well and extraction of bitumen through the production well.
-
Date submitted2002-07-09
-
Date accepted2002-08-05
-
Date published2003-02-01
Russia Bunker method of rock mass reloading in open pits
- Authors:
- N. S. Avraamova
In the modern state of the Russian economy, the problems of intensification of mineral production are of paramount importance. In this regard, it is necessary to clearly substantiate the content of the concept of intensification of production as an important scientific and production economic category. Intensification of iron ore production by open-cut mining depends both on the use of new, more powerful and productive equipment and on the use of more efficient schemes of deposit stripping and development systems, as well as on the implementation of the most rational transportation schemes.
-
Date submitted2002-07-28
-
Date accepted2002-08-08
-
Date published2003-02-01
Technologies for extending the service life of oil wells
- Authors:
- I. V. Dorovskikh
An in-depth literature-patent study of modern methods of water inflow isolation was carried out, a large number of information sources were analyzed and an analytical review of existing methods of water inflow isolation, technologies of preparation of plugging material for selective isolation and treatment of wells was made. The analysis of existing methods was carried out and recommendations for application of developed methods and technologies were given.
-
Date submitted2002-07-20
-
Date accepted2002-08-25
-
Date published2003-02-01
Use of surfactants to improve the quality of rock crushing
- Authors:
- A. S. Zhilin
The prospects of using surfactants (surfactants) to improve the quality of crushing rocks by explosion are considered. On the basis of a deep analogy of impact and explosive destruction of rocks the procedure for determining the characteristics of the rock particle size distribution, specific energy intensity of destruction and normalized crushing pulse, which is a material constant, is worked out. Experimental determination of this constant allows us to estimate optimal parameters of drilling and blasting operations when rock properties change under the influence of surfactant. It is established that saturation of limestone with optimally selected surfactant (0,1 % solution of MgCl2) allows to reduce the specific consumption of explosives by 15 % and the penetration distance by 7 % at maintenance of the given quality of crushing of rocks.
-
Date submitted2002-07-18
-
Date accepted2002-08-09
-
Date published2003-02-01
Environmentally friendly technologies for disintegrating clay sands in the development of gold and platinum deposits
- Authors:
- A. V. Karepanov
At the turn of the 20th-21st centuries, the mining and technical conditions of the development of placer gold and platinum deposits have significantly worsened, in particular, the clay content in the sands has significantly increased. The proposed technology includes pretreatment of the developed clay sands with mechanical particles and provides a reduction of technological losses of the valuable component by 20-75%, which will allow for effective development of placer deposits of gold and platinum at low cost.
-
Date submitted2002-07-28
-
Date accepted2002-08-03
-
Date published2003-02-01
Determination of rational parameters of drainage excavations in the emission hazardous zones of potassium formations
- Authors:
- E. R. Kovalskii
Taking into account the theory of formation of blowout-hazardous zones of dip trough type, the average statistical parameters of cavities of artificially initiated salt and gas emissions were determined for the conditions of the Starobinskoye field. Dependencies for determining the location of the center of the blowout zone in the vertical and horizontal planes are derived. The way of transition of emission-hazardous zones during excavation of the Third Potash Seam at full capacity is concretized. The correlation between the slope angle of the advanced drift with the initiation cut, which serves for artificial decoupling of the release, and the geometric parameters of the release zone was found. When conducting the advance face with the initiating jaw in the direction to the center of the trough core during the initiation of the outburst, taking into account this dependence will reduce its intensity, increase the safety of mining operations, as well as improve the economic indicators of the method of transition of the outburst-risk zone by the longwall.
-
Date submitted2002-07-26
-
Date accepted2002-08-16
-
Date published2003-02-01
Studies of the operation of jet devices, centrifugal-vortex and screw pumps for pumping gas-liquid mixtures
- Authors:
- A. M. Kochergin
- V. V. Kuryatnikov
It is known that at present there is a scientific reserve, which allows, if oilmen and oil and gas equipment manufacturers are interested, to develop pumps placed in the well and not subject to harmful influence of free gas, as well as surface lifting units for multiphase media pumping, causing inflow of gas-liquid mixture during well completion and pumping water-oil-gas mixtures in oil gathering systems.
-
Date submitted2002-07-14
-
Date accepted2002-08-10
-
Date published2003-02-01
System of quantitative analysis, assessment and rationing of combined technogenic impacts on water bodies
- Authors:
- T. A. Petrova
The system of assessment and rationing of multifactorial anthropogenic impacts on water bodies based on bioindication is proposed. Macrozoobenthos, as the most sensitive community, is used as a bioindicator. An original method of singling out the species having a real indicator value has been developed, informative quantitative characteristics of this community have been established. The conditions for maintaining community stability to the impact have been defined and formalized, a universal quantitative measure of combined impact has been given. The main regularities of community response to combined anthropogenic impacts were identified and described. Identified conditions of two typical catastrophes of communities in the gradient of combined impacts. Accordingly, the approach to rationing of anthropogenic impacts for hydro-ecosystems with varying degrees of background anthropogenic load is given.
-
Date submitted2002-07-21
-
Date accepted2002-08-02
-
Date published2003-02-01
Analysis of the results of application of enhanced oil recovery technologies and the choice of bottomhole zone treatment method for reservoir D1 of the Miadsey field based on well 47
- Authors:
- A. G. Ruzhnikov
The peculiarities of the structure of formation D1 of the Miadsey field are considered and the optimal method of bottomhole zone treatment is determined. The analysis of hydrochloric acid treatments and acid fracturing with the selection of acid compositions formulations is carried out. Recommendations for acid treatments of carbonate formations of the Miadsey field are given.
-
Date submitted2002-07-02
-
Date accepted2002-08-08
-
Date published2003-02-01
Study of the use of engineering structures to prevent environmental pollution
- Authors:
- G. A. Selivanova
The scope of application and advantages of sheet pile walls, the mechanism of sheet pile wall operation and the loads acting on it are considered. The main factors influencing the parameters of the sheet piling wall are investigated and functional dependences are determined. On the basis of analytical and experimental research the methodology of sheet pile wall calculation is developed: the parameters and stability of sheet pile walls are determined by the data on the physical and mechanical properties of soil. The procedure of using the proposed methodology at the design stage has been developed and justified.
-
Date submitted2002-07-09
-
Date accepted2002-08-06
-
Date published2003-02-01
Use of conversion explosives in quarries in the Northwest region
- Authors:
- S. Yu. Semenyak
The paper analyzes the use of conversion explosives in the quarry of Kamennogorsk combine of nonmetallic materials. It shows the possibility and efficiency of replacing TNT-containing industrial explosives with conversion powders.
-
Date submitted2002-07-08
-
Date accepted2002-08-02
-
Date published2003-02-01
Study of capillary impregnation to simulate real processes in peat systems
- Authors:
- G. V. Sotnikov
The equations describing the motion of liquid with different acidity in quartz through and dead-end capillaries are presented. Two stages are observed in the process of liquid sorption: high speed of the first one is determined by viscous resistance of liquid, in the diffusion stage the process speed decreases noticeably. The rate of capillary rise of liquid in vertical through cylindrical capillary is described by Washburn equation. Examples of impregnation of through and dead-end capillaries with liquids of different pH are presented. The impregnation rate of solutions in acid medium is higher than in alkaline medium.
-
Date submitted2002-07-14
-
Date accepted2002-08-25
-
Date published2003-02-01
Development of principles for designing an oil spill response system based on the example of developing the Piltun-Astokhskoye field on the Sakhalin continental shelf
- Authors:
- A. A. Termateosov
- R. E. Monakhov
- Z. A. Minin
The purpose of the work is to develop the principles of oil spill response (OSR) system design to prevent oil spills in the areas of special significance during design spills (using the example of the Molikpaq offshore oil production platform of the Piltun-Astokhskoye field on the continental shelf of Sakhalin Island). The oil spill prevention and response system is suggested to be based on the risk criteria with due consideration of parameters of the spill source, its location with reference to the facilities to be protected, economic feasibility and rational approach to implementation of OSR measures. In the course of the research the sources of oil spills were determined and response levels were established on the basis of quantitative risk assessment (QRA); recommendations on justification of sufficiency of OSR forces and means were given, the criterion of evaluation of efficiency of the system operation was proposed.
-
Date submitted2002-07-13
-
Date accepted2002-08-27
-
Date published2003-02-01
Stability of quarry slopes at Pershinsky natural stone deposit
- Authors:
- A. R. Yumaguzhin
Researches of stability of boards of natural stone quarries by the example of Pershinsky deposit in the Middle Urals were carried out. The main disturbances and cracks in the apparatus massif were established. It turned out that the eastern side is the most unstable. Structural parameters of this side were established by calculation.
-
Date submitted2002-07-22
-
Date accepted2002-08-01
-
Date published2003-02-01
Electromagnetic compatibility of transmission line equipment with insulated wires
- Authors:
- Yu. M. Borodyanskii
The technique of selecting surge suppressors (SPDs) taking into account the peculiarities of power transmission lines is presented. This technique makes it possible to achieve the required level of electromagnetic compatibility of elements of equipment of overhead lines with insulated wires. Selection of arresters is made according to several parameters, including coordination of lightning and switching overvoltages. In three-phase networks, special attention must be paid to short-term overvoltages. The correct selection of arrester according to this criterion is conditioned by the reliability of resonant overvoltages estimation or the probability of occurrence of arc overvoltages. This methodology makes it possible to achieve the required level of electromagnetic compatibility of elements of power line equipment.
-
Date submitted2002-07-11
-
Date accepted2002-08-11
-
Date published2003-02-01
Theoretical justification of the effective type of turbo-motor for the drive of hydraulic motors
- Authors:
- A. L. Bukin
The drawbacks of the existing hydraulic turbine drive of oil pumping station, which serves to control the position of the hydraulic gun barrel in two planes (vertical and horizontal), are revealed and analyzed, and proposals for their elimination are given. Connecting the hydraulic turbine drive to the power source (centrifugal pump) by a parallel scheme reduces the reliability of the drive, the wear resistance of the hydraulic turbine, complicates the design of the drive, reduces the pressure before the nozzle of the hydraulic gun and the productivity of hydraulic extraction, worsens the conditions of pulp formation. It is suggested to use in the drive of hydraulic motors a straight-flow propeller turbine of special design. These disadvantages are either weakened or eliminated. The productivity of hydrodrilling increases by about 10 %, and the energy intensity of the process decreases accordingly.
-
Date submitted2002-07-20
-
Date accepted2002-08-24
-
Date published2003-02-01
Starting characteristics of the conveyor drive in longitudinal compensation networks
- Authors:
- Yu. L. Zhukovskii
Mathematical model of induction motor with installation of longitudinal capacitive compensation is considered. Starting modes of asynchronous motor without load and with significant load on the shaft, without installation of longitudinal capacitive compensation and with longitudinal compensation are investigated. Starting modes of asynchronous motor in soft and rigid network are analyzed, improvement of starting conditions with considerable loading on a shaft of a powerful remote asynchronous motor in the scheme with the installation of longitudinal capacitive compensation (reduction of acceleration time, increase of voltage on the motor terminals, disappearance of negative values of moment) is shown. Conditions of occurrence of electromagnetic instability of start mode, permissible parameters of longitudinal compensation and shunt resistance are defined, at which occurrence of instability is excluded, the boundary of stable operation of investigated motor in start mode is set.
-
Date submitted2002-07-06
-
Date accepted2002-08-24
-
Date published2003-02-01
Development of a device for combustion of fuel oil and gas mixture
- Authors:
- V. V. Kanenkov
In our country, when carrying out the open-hearth process, fuel oil is mainly used, which is more expensive than some other types of fuel. In this connection, it is proposed to transfer the heating of open-hearth furnaces from fuel oil to gas-oil heating with parallel supply of oxygen. Application of the new type of fuel will accelerate oxidizing reactions in the combustion zone and increase the flame temperature and, as a consequence, reduce the melting time or the consumption of fuel equivalent. This will lead to increase of open-hearth productivity and have a positive effect on open-hearth process efficiency. It should also be noted that the new fuel is more environmentally friendly due to reduced use of fuel oil and, consequently, reduction of sulfur compounds in the combustion products. Transition to new fuels and modern technologies is an important part of reorganization of the Russian metallurgical industry. It will lead to positive effects in the whole economy of our state.
-
Date submitted2002-07-28
-
Date accepted2002-08-19
-
Date published2003-02-01
Improvement of coal saw drives and prospects for their application under Kuzbass conditions
- Authors:
- V. N. Kolosov
Today Kuzbass coal is about 690 billion tons of low-sulfur, low-ash and high-calorie coal, required for power, coking and coal-chemical industries, with flat, inclined and steeply inclined seams. More than 200 million tons of coal, suitable for mining by mechanized complexes, are concentrated in the existing and projected horizons in steep seams. However, the volume of mechanized mining remains very low and amounts to 4-7%. In difficult mining and geological conditions, typical for Prokopyevsko-Kiselevsky area of Kuzbass, the hydraulic technology of coal mining in complex with mechanized coal saws seems promising. Different variants of coal saw technologies have been widely tested at different mines of Kuzbass, Donbass, Vorkuta and showed a number of advantages over the technology with mechanized complexes. Capital expenditures are significantly reduced, the amount of cutting work is reduced, ventilation conditions are improved. The design disadvantages of coal saw drives are also revealed. The main disadvantage of most drives is the uncoordinated connection between the saw feed to the face and its withdrawal during one cycle of movement relative to the face. This disadvantage is eliminated when using a clamping mechanism with the use of weights.
-
Date submitted2002-07-02
-
Date accepted2002-08-23
-
Date published2003-02-01
To improve the reliability of the safety brake of mine hoisting machines
- Authors:
- D. N. Martynenko
The issues of improving the reliability of the safety brake of mine lifting units (MPU) by its duplication are considered. Since its duplication by mechanical method is not possible, it is proposed to use a lifting motor, translating it into the mode of electrodynamic braking. It is shown that with a functioning mechanical brake, a specific mode of simultaneous action (MSA) of two brakes arises. For this purpose, transient processes in the electromechanical system of the hoisting and lowering of the load during its emergency stop have been studied. This made it possible to determine the areas of possible application of two brakes MSA, depending on the mass coefficient of the MPU. To implement the MSA of electrodynamic and mechanical brakes at an emergency stop of the MPU, the mode of electrodynamic braking of an induction motor with an electrolytic capacitor in the rotor rectified current circuit, which allows to create a braking mode without an external DC source, was considered.
-
Date submitted2002-07-14
-
Date accepted2002-08-26
-
Date published2003-02-01
Theoretical analysis of water supply means of high-pressure self-propelled hydromonitors
- Authors:
- V. Yu. Mizurev
At hydroshafts, all hydromonitors are rigidly connected to the supply steel pipe, which does not ensure achieving the optimal distance from the nozzle to the bottom hole chest during the whole time of hydrodrilling. We consider a technical solution for making self-propelled hydraulic motors moveable during hydrodrilling. The most acceptable variants are the feeding-energy-conducting packet based on "Nurenberg shears" and the daisy-chain telescopic energy-conducting packet (TPP). Parameters of the new TPP and operational and technical performance of self-propelled hydromonitors with this device at cleaning are obtained. The increase in the productivity of hydrowinning can be 25-30 %, which should be considered as significant.
-
Date submitted2002-07-04
-
Date accepted2002-08-30
-
Date published2003-02-01
Analysis of electromechanical coupling in electric drive by asynchronous valve cascade system of mine hoisting unit
- Authors:
- S. V. Nuss
The paper focuses on the research methodology of electromechanical system with elastic coupling of the mine hoisting unit and electric drive according to the asynchronous valve cascade system. An analysis of dynamic properties and electromechanical coupling as applied to the skip hoisting unit equipped with an electric drive based on the asynchronous valve cascade system is carried out. An expression for determining the electromechanical coupling coefficient is obtained and the results are given for a particular installation.
-
Date submitted2002-07-08
-
Date accepted2002-08-10
-
Date published2003-02-01
Assessment of damage from hazardous emissions at open-pit mining operations during the operation of diesel mining and transportation equipment
- Authors:
- V. N. Pavlov
Due to the unsatisfactory environmental situation in the areas of mining complexes, special attention should be paid to environmental safety when selecting equipment. The results of the calculation of the transportation complex on the example of Udachny open pit of ALROSA's diamond mining company are presented. A quantitative assessment of damage associated with equipment downtime is made. A total of five different options have been considered, four of which use different ways to reduce the harmful effects from the operation of diesel dump trucks. The most economical variant, which allows to reduce not only harmful impact, but also the cost of transportation of rock mass, is determined.
-
Date submitted2002-07-27
-
Date accepted2002-08-23
-
Date published2003-02-01
Calculation of temperature and pressure changes along the length of the oil pipeline during start-up and shutdown
- Authors:
- P. V. Pyatibrat
Operation of an oil pipeline with heating has its own specifics and is manifested, first of all, in the influence of pipeline heat exchange conditions with the environment on oil properties. Oil pipeline condition largely determines the technology, design and engineering solutions of oil pipeline, preservation of natural environment, as well as the choice of operating regimes. At the same time, it is required to actively manage the thermal condition of oil pipeline. Approximate formulas are known for solution of a great number of such tasks as prediction of heat and hydraulic regimes in conditions of changing operating parameters, which does not reflect the real situation accurately enough and does not satisfy the solution of the tasks set. The proposed forecasting methods most fully meet the temporal requirements.
-
Date submitted2002-07-22
-
Date accepted2002-08-23
-
Date published2003-02-01
Experimental determination of the contact thermal resistance of steel pipes with rolled and L-shaped wound aluminum alloy fins
- Authors:
- K. B. Semenido
Reduction of heat transfer coefficient of air-cooled sections can reach 50 % due to imperfection of mechanical contact of steel tube and ribbed shell. For the purpose of wider introduction of L-shaped coiled tubes into industry, measurements of their contact thermal resistance (CTR) by temperature jump and heat flux in the contact zone, as well as comparison with tubes with rolled fins under otherwise equal conditions in the temperature range of 30-300°С were carried out. The research showed that in the temperature range of 150-300°С the wound tubes have considerably higher CTR than the rolled tubes. After a series of experiments, the aluminum strip of L-shaped ribbing was annealed, but heating the sample to 200°С did not lead to annealing of aluminum ribs.
-
Date submitted2002-07-28
-
Date accepted2002-08-17
-
Date published2003-02-01
Using fuzzy logic to control transformer on-load tap-changers
- Authors:
- D. M. Tarasov
- M. M. Voloshkin
Ensuring of rational voltage mode by means of automatic change of power transformer under load (OLTC) transformation coefficient under conditions of load parameters variation and configuration of supplying lines is considered. The technique of a choice of a determining voltage mode of connection in power supply system of enterprises on extraction, transportation and processing of mineral resources with application of methods of the theory of fuzzy sets is offered. Parameters are used, which allow describing the state of distribution lines and electric consumers, dispersion of load along them, damage at a voltage deviation from a rational level in real time. The structure of control system based on fuzzy logic is given. The graphs of the membership functions of five parameters, the totality of which determines the power supply line mode, are given.
-
Date submitted2002-07-15
-
Date accepted2002-08-16
-
Date published2003-02-01
Optimization of oil and petroleum product pumping regimes in pipelines with intermediate pump stations using variable speed pumps
- Authors:
- A. P. Tumanskii
Optimization of oil or petroleum products pumping modes by changing hydraulic characteristics of pumping stations achieved by changing the number of revolutions of pumping units with the help of frequency-controlled drive is considered. The problem is formulated, a method of its analytical solution is proposed, and computer methods, which give a solution of the problem in case of a large number of intermediate stations, are discussed. An example of numerical calculation is given. The problems of regulating at the pumping stations are discussed. Changes in oil pumping conditions or its characteristics may lead to a disturbance of the normal mode of oil pipeline operation: appearance of cavitation at some pumping stations and excessive back-ups at other stations. Prevention of such phenomena and selection of optimal modes of pumping operation are achieved by pump operation regulation.
-
Date submitted2002-07-20
-
Date accepted2002-08-29
-
Date published2003-02-01
Modeling of loading and transport complexes parameters for OAO Bor open pit conditions
- Authors:
- V. V. Khvan
The problem of optimization of design and operational parameters of loading-transport complexes with reference to conditions of OAO Bor open pit on the basis of statistical testing method is considered. The method allows modeling and optimizing the parameters of loading-transport complexes, increasing the level of organization of production processes, operative control of technological characteristics of loading and transport equipment with regard to the changes in the operating capacity of equipment, as well as mining and technical factors of individual faces and the open pit as a whole.
-
Date submitted2002-07-23
-
Date accepted2002-08-05
-
Date published2003-02-01
Improvement of the circular heating furnace design scheme by reducing heat losses through the closed loop heating zone
- Authors:
- P. S. Chesnokov
The device of the continuous heating unit is considered, the technical characteristics of the unit and the thermal part of the unit are presented, and the design and operation of the thermal part of the unit are described. To improve the thermal physical characteristics of the process of heating copper ingots in a continuous heating unit, the furnace lining composition is developed. The equivalent coefficients of heat conductivity, heat flux density, heat flow through the surface of the furnace lining are determined, and new materials of lining layers are selected. Thermal and physical characteristics of the main refractory and insulating materials are given. It is proved that the use of new materials of furnace lining layers instead of the existing ones leads to a significant economic effect.
-
Date submitted2002-07-26
-
Date accepted2002-08-27
-
Date published2003-02-01
Comparison of energy costs in terms of hydraulic rock lifting capacity by the airlift and pumping methods
- Authors:
- I. A. Chilikin
Lifting of solid material in underwater extraction of minerals from the seabed to the water surface is the most effective hydraulic method through a vertical pipeline. The method with the use of an airlift unit or a pumping unit is possible. Generalized energy characteristics of the airlift and pumping methods of hydraulic lifting of mineral resources for choosing a rational and cost-effective hydraulic transport system are given. Calculated dependencies for determining the specific energy losses when lifting the rock mass from the surface of the seabed at a depth of 100 m are presented. These hydraulic lifting systems can be considered as modular even in case of increasing the development depth up to 1000 m. The total number of hydraulic lift stages will be a multiple of the depth of the modular stage. Obtained in this work energy characteristics of the airlift unit are inferior to the pump method of hydraulic lift in terms of efficiency.
-
Date submitted2002-07-30
-
Date accepted2002-08-28
-
Date published2003-02-01
Optimization of the technological process of zinc electrolysis in sulfate solutions by simulation experiment
- Authors:
- I. A. Bogatyreva
The software product - model of zinc electrolysis shop was developed. Mathematical models of the process (in the form of regression equations) were obtained, on the basis of which economically substantiated optimal values of the process parameters were proposed.
-
Date submitted2002-07-13
-
Date accepted2002-08-30
-
Date published2003-02-01
Study of gravity-flotation technology for gold extraction from sulfide ore tailings
- Authors:
- Yu. V. Voitishina
The expediency of gravity-flotation enrichment scheme with the use of screw sluices and concentration tables and the subsequent flotation of gravity tails with the collector S-703 is shown. At its consumption rate of 50 g/t, it is possible to obtain a concentrate with a maximum recovery of 40%.
-
Date submitted2002-07-02
-
Date accepted2002-08-06
-
Date published2003-02-01
Some features of mathematical modeling of the radiation vortex injector
- Authors:
- T. B. Abadullaev
The method of afterburning combustible components of the atmosphere of an industrial furnace using a device called a vortex radiation injector developed at the Institute is presented. The method consists in the following. A high-speed, strongly twisted flow of oxygen under supercritical pressure is fed into a cylindrical chamber, one end of which is closed and the other end with a curvilinear ultradiffuser of the type used in flat-flame burners. As a result of a strong twist and under the influence of high velocities in the chamber, the vortex breaks up and a strong rarefaction is created in the near-end area, under the action of which the furnace gases containing combustible components flow to the injector. Part of them enters the chamber, where they mix with oxygen and burn. The gases entering the afterburning zone are also sucked into a flat deck flame formed by the outflow of the swirling flow from the curved diffuser, as it takes place in the flat flame burners. The mathematical model of gas dynamics and mass transfer in the considered flow developed on the basis of the PHOENICS computational complex is presented. Some features of the model related to the extreme complexity of the phenomenon are described.
-
Date submitted2002-07-03
-
Date accepted2002-08-01
-
Date published2003-02-01
Analysis of the smelting process in the vanyukov furnace to increase the extraction of the sum of non-ferrous metals
- Authors:
- I. A. Kirpichenkov
The ways of increasing the extraction of the sum of non-ferrous metals in matte during melting of sulfide raw materials in the Vanyukov furnace are considered. The analysis of smelting with regard to the peculiarities of Nadezhda Metallurgical Plant technology: high content of copper and nickel sulfides in the charge. Such a composition of the charge leads to unacceptable losses of non-ferrous metals when using conventional methods of smelting control. In the process of analysis the sources of chemical and mechanical losses of non-ferrous metals were revealed. We suggest a method of reducing chemical losses of non-ferrous metals with slag by means of control and optimal regulation of sulphur dioxide content in flue gases. The ratio between oxygen and natural gas flow rate is chosen as a control variable in the sulfur dioxide control circuit.
-
Date submitted2002-07-10
-
Date accepted2002-08-14
-
Date published2003-02-01
Study of gravity-flotation technology for gold extraction from sulfide ores
- Authors:
- S. I. Melnikova
The necessity of stage grinding and ore enrichment is shown. This will avoid overgrinding of sulfide minerals, flattening and flattening of free gold particles. Replacement of xanthogenate by S-703G markedly increases the selectivity of collectors and increases gold recovery.
-
Date submitted2002-07-07
-
Date accepted2002-08-07
-
Date published2003-02-01
Study of the Guinean bauxite leaching process
- Authors:
- O. E. Morozova
As a result of analysis of various factors affecting the process of leaching of Guinea bauxite, the most important factors determining the efficiency of the leaching process were selected: process temperature, concentration of Na 2 O K , caustic modulus α a , weight of lime addition. It was found that temperature is the most effective factor, because as it increases, the diffusion coefficient increases and the viscosity of the solution decreases. The efficiency of the leaching process increases with increasing alkali concentration, the value of α a and lime addition. The results of the study allow selecting optimal conditions for the leaching process, minimizing energy consumption and calculating consumption factors of alkali and limestone, which will be used to create a mathematical model of the process.
-
Date submitted2002-07-06
-
Date accepted2002-08-21
-
Date published2003-02-01
Specific features of the carbonization process of aluminate solutions
- Authors:
- V. A. Mukhina
An analytical review of various methods of carbonization of aluminate solutions was performed. As a result, the most important factors affecting the coarseness of aluminum hydroxide were selected: the concentration of CO 2 in the gas-air mixture, the temperature of the carbonization process and the value of the addition of hydroxide seed. In subsequent experiments we determined the specific dependencies of the influence of these factors on the disperse composition of the obtained Al(OH) 3 . It was found that with increasing temperature increases the value of the average particle size, and with increasing the concentration of CO 2 the size of the hydroxide particles decreases. The dependences of changes in the concentration of Na 2 O gen and Na 2 O caust , Al 2 O 3 and the coarseness of the obtained aluminum hydroxide during the carbonization process were investigated. The obtained results make it possible to create a technological scheme for obtaining alumina of any size.
-
Date submitted2002-07-07
-
Date accepted2002-08-25
-
Date published2003-02-01
Bacterial leaching of pyrrhotite concentrate for the most complete extraction of base and noble metals
- Authors:
- V. V. Pustovalov
The basics of bacterial leaching of pyrrhotite and nickel-pyrrhotite concentrates in order to extract copper, nickel, iron from solutions and precious metals from the leaching cakes in the most complete way. The prospects of using biotechnology methods in the conditions of the Norilsk industrial district are outlined. The relevance of bacterial oxidation of non-ferrous and noble metals from tailings of enrichment factories is shown, whose introduction into the production cycle will increase the degree of extraction of the useful component, will promote the introduction of closed technological schemes using biogenic regeneration of waste water, which will significantly reduce pollution of the environment.
-
Date submitted2002-07-17
-
Date accepted2002-08-02
-
Date published2003-02-01
Justification of the structural diagram of the automatic control system of oxygen-air mixture and natural gas supply to a suspended melting furnace
- Authors:
- I. V. Pyankin
The purpose and optimal mode of the weighted smelting process when operating on nickel raw materials are described, and the consequences of deviations from this mode are indicated. The analysis of control quality of the suspended melting furnace (SMF) is made, as a result of which the necessity of development of the automatic control system of the SMF is shown. The problem statement is formulated and the criterion of optimal control is specified. The importance of maintaining the oxygen coefficient and thermal balance of the reaction shaft by controlling the flow rates of technical oxygen and natural gas is emphasized. The consequences of overestimation and underestimation of oxygen coefficient are analyzed. A two-level system of automatic control of oxygen-air mixture and natural gas supply to the SMF is proposed and its structural scheme is given. The algorithm of its operation is presented.
-
Date submitted2002-07-04
-
Date accepted2002-08-23
-
Date published2003-02-01
The mechanism of enterprise profit distribution in modern conditions
- Authors:
- T. L. Alekseenko
The solution to the problem of profit distribution of the enterprise is considered. The mechanisms of profit distribution in the current and long-term periods, the order of profit distribution to the main directions of its use in the current period, taking into account the influence of internal indicators, are described. The program for solving the task of optimizing the ratio of profit distribution directions is developed. The model of distribution of profits of the enterprise at the long-term planning is offered taking into account the influence of external and internal factors. The mechanism of the distribution of the financial result of the firm in the long term with different strategies of behavior of its owners has been analyzed.
-
Date submitted2002-07-27
-
Date accepted2002-08-21
-
Date published2003-02-01
Justification of parameters of underground coal bunker construction technology
- Authors:
- A. A. Vavilina
The classification of underground bunkers, characteristic transport schemes with the use of coal bunkers in the mines of Kuzbass is considered. The technique of drilling and blasting operations when sinking an accumulating coal bunker with borehole charges is developed, the sequence of blasting operations when constructing a coal bunker is indicated, the scheme of borehole locations and charge structures is given.
-
Date submitted2002-07-05
-
Date accepted2002-08-06
-
Date published2003-02-01
Financial analysis of production investments of oil companies
- Authors:
- F. F. Gaipov
- V. A. Emekeev
In conditions of limited money resources any enterprise faces the problem of choosing the best variant of the investment project, in particular the variant of well drilling. Two options are considered: drilling of a vertical well and drilling of a vertical well with drilling of a horizontal sidetrack provided at a certain step of the calculation period. For both variants the following indicators are calculated: efficiency indicators and indicators of net discounted income (NDI), internal rate of return (IRR), cash discounted cost index (DCI) and cash discounted investment index (CDI). The contradiction between VID and PDD in the choice of the project is solved and the choice in favor of the best variant of the investment project is made.
-
Date submitted2002-07-03
-
Date accepted2002-08-23
-
Date published2003-02-01
Application of economic-mathematical methods in justifying the pricing policy of marble-mining enterprise (ZAO Koelgamramor)
- Authors:
- N. V. Gurova
The method of justification of price policy of a mining enterprise using the method of economic and mathematical modeling (game theory), which allows evaluating and choosing the best option for the sale of products from the set of proposed strategies in order to maximize benefits while respecting the principle of mutual benefit of both parties, is proposed. The chosen method assumes the presence of two players: X (enterprise) and Y (buyers), each of which uses its own strategies. Player X develops five strategies of product sales, focused on the marketing policy of sales promotion (providing a flexible system of discounts depending on the volume of purchase). Player Y develops three strategies, two of which are focused on getting the maximum sales discount from the company. Comparison of various combinations of strategies of players X and Y allows us to choose the optimal option of making a sale-purchase transaction, satisfying both players.
-
Date submitted2002-07-30
-
Date accepted2002-08-10
-
Date published2003-02-01
The use of secondary mineral resources in non-ferrous metallurgy is an important reserve of resource saving
- Authors:
- E. N. Guseva
The analysis of the use of secondary mineral resources in non-ferrous metallurgy as the most important direction of resource saving in the branches of mining and industrial production is carried out. The article proves the relevance of the problem of using secondary mineral resources, the solution of which leads to savings of "primary" resources, an increase in the raw material potential of the country, improvement of the economic, environmental and social situation in various regions of the country. The main problem of the use of secondary mineral resources was revealed and substantiated - the lack of their systematic accounting and comprehensive assessment. To solve this problem, it is proposed to use cadastral accounting, contributing to a more complete involvement of secondary mineral resources in the national economy turnover and the identification of priority areas of their use.
-
Date submitted2002-07-20
-
Date accepted2002-08-10
-
Date published2003-02-01
The use of quadriangulation in the geometrization of mining and processing objects
- Authors:
- S. R. Itkinov
An algorithm for mathematical operations with toposurfaces (surfaces defined by numerical marks) in conditions of missing initial data has been developed. The algorithm proposes a method of transition from triangulation network of points of initial surfaces to quadriangulation. Elementary cells are interpolated with a ruler surface to keep the volumes in the given boundaries. Mathematical operations are performed using the values of the indices in the nodes of quadriangulation.
-
Date submitted2002-07-09
-
Date accepted2002-08-18
-
Date published2003-02-01
Insurance of project risks in the development of oil and gas fields
- Authors:
- O. Yu. Klein
For successful functioning of Russian oil and gas companies in modern conditions it is necessary to make timely and qualified, using foreign experience, decisions in the environment of risk and uncertainty in order to avoid curve losses and, consequently, to increase stability in the market. For decision-making in the risk and uncertainty environment, the apparatus of risk management is used, which includes identification, identification, assessment and choice of risk reduction methods. One of the most widespread methods of risk reduction is insurance, which covers a huge number of specific risks in oil and gas production and, in particular, in oil and gas field development. Let us distinguish these risks: the risk of oil, gas blowout from the well, the risk of environmental pollution and the risk of liability to third parties.
-
Date submitted2002-07-14
-
Date accepted2002-08-01
-
Date published2003-02-01
Implementation of information technologies in accounting and management processes at coal mining enterprises with the open-pit mining method
- Authors:
- A. V. Kovalevskii
At the present stage, the use of information technology in different spheres of the economy of the Russian Federation is uneven. With the greatest impact and efficiency, information technology and computing equipment are used in trade and services, but the sphere of material production is not sufficiently involved in the process of informatization of accounting and management processes. The purpose of this study was to establish the relationship between the use of information technology and the effective operation of enterprises in the coal mining industry. Positive influence of information technologies on indicators of work of the enterprises was revealed. Scientifically substantiated recommendations for improving the integrated informatization of the management of the development of economic systems have been proposed, a mutually beneficial software payment scheme for the user and the developer has been developed.
-
Date submitted2002-07-15
-
Date accepted2002-08-08
-
Date published2003-02-01
Mining rent in the modern system of taxation
- Authors:
- N. E. Maiorova
The rent principle of subsoil use payment, the essence of which is the introduction of a single rent tax, is considered. The main problems of modern taxation of subsoil use and ways of their solution are touched upon. Particular attention is paid to the characteristics of rent as an economic category and its components. The essence of one of the methods of determination and evaluation of natural rent, which allows to differentiate the rate of payment for each mineral deposit taking into account its individuality and natural differentiation of extraction conditions, is stated.
-
Date submitted2002-07-01
-
Date accepted2002-08-09
-
Date published2003-02-01
Working out the development strategy of RUL PO Belaruskali
- Authors:
- A. A. Tesovets
An analysis of the prospects of the association was carried out, strengths and weaknesses in the development of the enterprise were identified. Particular attention is paid to the depreciation of fixed assets: based on the results of the analysis a scheme of priority replacement of equipment between ore departments is proposed. The development strategy of the enterprise is worked out. Ways of maintaining profitable work of the association with preservation of export potential of the enterprise and achieved volume of production of high-quality potash fertilizers in the necessary assortment were found.
-
Date submitted2002-07-20
-
Date accepted2002-08-18
-
Date published2003-02-01
Increasing the efficiency of tax regulation in the sphere of subsoil use
- Authors:
- S. A. Filatov
This study aims to determine the advantages and disadvantages of the Russian tax system in the sphere of subsoil use in connection with the adoption of the second part of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation. The comparative estimation of the value of tax burden on subsoil users per 1 ton of extracted oil at the end of 2001 - beginning of 2002 is given. The influence of the current tax on extraction of minerals, on the activity of the main oil and gas producing enterprises of such raw material region as Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District is analyzed too. On the basis of foreign experience, the technique of differentiation of the extraction tax for the purpose of withdrawal of the residual mining rent which is formed in branch, and also stimulation of development of low-profitable deposits of oil and gas is offered.
-
Date submitted2002-07-06
-
Date accepted2002-08-06
-
Date published2003-02-01
On the economic assessment of MMK's development
- Authors:
- A. A. Shein
Based on the analysis of financial condition, the methodology of assessing the economic efficiency of the reconstruction of sintering production of OJSC "Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works", which allows using the criterion of flexibility in the development of the enterprise. The assessment of the effectiveness of the implemented investment project by the traditional methodology allowed to establish the payback period; net discounted income; the return on investment index; the internal rate of return. In addition to these it is proposed to calculate a number of coefficients characterizing the activities of other subdivisions of the metallurgical plant.