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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2411-3336</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="eissn">2541-9404</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="ru">Записки Горного института</journal-title>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Mining Institute</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет императрицы Екатерины ΙΙ</publisher-name>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="en">Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id custom-type="pmi" pub-id-type="custom">pmi-5870</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="uri">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/5870</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru">
          <subject>Инженерная геодезия и городской кадастр</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en">
          <subject>Engineering geodesy and urban cadastre</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Determination of astronomical azimuth for mining and underground workings support</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>Определение астрономических азимутов для обеспечения горных работ и подземного строительства</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Pandul</surname>
            <given-names>I. S.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Пандул</surname>
              <given-names>И. С.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Pandul</surname>
              <given-names>I. S.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>spmi-ig@yandex.ru</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный минерально-сырьевой университет «Горный» (Санкт-Петербург, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">PhD in eng. sc., associate professor (Saint-Petersburg, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2012-12-29">
        <day>29</day>
        <month>12</month>
        <year>2012</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2012</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>199</volume>
      <fpage>338</fpage>
      <lpage>343</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2011-11-22">
          <day>22</day>
          <month>11</month>
          <year>2011</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2012-01-08">
          <day>08</day>
          <month>01</month>
          <year>2012</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2012-12-29">
          <day>29</day>
          <month>12</month>
          <year>2012</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">© 2012 И. С. Пандул</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="en">© 2012 I. S. Pandul</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2012</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">И. С. Пандул</copyright-holder>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">I. S. Pandul</copyright-holder>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" xml:lang="ru">
          <license-p>Эта статья доступна по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
        </license>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/5870">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/5870</self-uri>
      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>Маркшейдер, использующий в своей работе условную систему прямоугольных координат, должен уметь определять астрономические азимуты. В статье изложен способ астрономического ориентирования по наблюдениям Солнца. Способ не требует точного знания времени наблюдений. Изложены принцип и методика наблюдений, дан пример вычислений.</p>
      </abstract>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>Mine surveyor, using in his work the nominal system of rectangular coordinates, should know how to determine astronomical azimuth. The method of astronomical orientation based on the San observation is expounded in the article. This method is easy and not involving any information about exact time of observation. In addition, there is an example of calculating the azimuth of distant point.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <title>Ключевые слова</title>
        <kwd>астрономический азимут</kwd>
        <kwd>Солнце</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>astronomical azimuth</kwd>
        <kwd>the Sun</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
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