Ключевые слова

2411-3336

2541-9404

Записки Горного института

Journal of Mining Institute

Санкт-Петербургский горный университет императрицы Екатерины ΙΙ

Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University

WRFRIU

pmi-16962

https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16962

Геотехнология и инженерная геология

Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology

Statistical modeling of metal migration in soils of oil and gas condensate fields in the north of Western Siberia

Статистическое моделирование миграции металлов в почвах нефтегазоконденсатных месторождений севера Западной Сибири

Opekunov

Anatolii Yu.

Опекунов

А. Ю.

Opekunov

Anatolii Yu.

a_opekunov@mail.ru

0000-0002-8885-9068

Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет (Санкт-Петербург, Россия) Saint Petersburg State University (Saint Petersburg, Russia)

Opekunova

Marina G.

Опекунова

М. Г.

Opekunova

Marina G.

m.opekunova@mail.ru

0000-0002-4592-0623

Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет (Санкт-Птеребург, Россия) Saint Petersburg State University (Saint Petersburg, Russia)

Kukushkin

Stepan Yu.

Кукушкин

С. Ю.

Kukushkin

Stepan Yu.

stepic@yandex.ru

0000-0003-4280-7075

Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет (Санкт-Петербург, Россия) Saint Petersburg State University (Saint Petersburg, Russia)

01 10 2026

2026

281 1 36 54 31 03 2026 25 06 2026 30 09 2026

2026

А. Ю. Опекунов, М. Г. Опекунова, С. Ю. Кукушкин

Anatolii Yu. Opekunov, Marina G. Opekunova, Stepan Yu. Kukushkin

Эта статья доступна по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)

This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)

https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16962

В статье рассматриваются механизмы миграции и иммобилизации металлов в почвах субарктики Западной Сибири в результате загрязнения при разработке месторождений углеводородного сырья. Исследования базируются на результатах анализа 106 проб почв и почвенных растворов на содержание металлов (Na, Ca, K, Fe, Mn, Cd, Cr, Zn, Sr, Cu, Ni, Ba, Pb, Co, V), а также нефтяных углеводородов в почве, отобранных на месторождениях и фоновых участках Надым-Пур-Тазовского междуречья. На основе геохимических данных проведено статистическое моделирование с использованием методов многомерной статистики. На первом этапе выполнены факторизация данных и интерпретация факторов с выявлением основных источников загрязнения, к которым отнесены буровые шламы, пластовые воды и работа автотранспорта. Дискриминантный анализ позволил сгруппировать пробы по характеру воздействия. Многомерный дисперсионный анализ дал возможность выделить ведущие факторы потенциала подвижности металлов в почвах, использованных при выполнении множественного регрессионного анализа (МРА) в качестве предикторов. МРА выявил основные механизмы мобилизации металлов в раствор: конкурентная сорбция (Mn, Sr, Co, Pb, Cr, Ca, Ba, Zn), ионная сила раствора (Na, Mn, Zn), подщелачивание почв (Cr, V) и гидрофобизация нефтяными углеводородами (Sr, Zn). Установлено, что иммобилизация наиболее эффективна в процессах ионообменной сорбции на аморфных оксигидроксидах Fe (Na, Ca, Mn, Sr, Zn), Mn (Ba, Co, Cr, Pb), органическом веществе гумусового ряда (Sr, Ba). Дана подробная характеристика поведения металлов в условиях загрязнения. Показано, что латеральная миграция металлов в изученных условиях составляет 150-200 м. Проведены оценка достоверности множественных регрессионных моделей и внутренняя валидация на экспериментальных данных. На основе анализа механизмов мобилизации и иммобилизации металлов даны рекомендации по снижению миграционного потенциала поллютантов.

The article examines the mechanisms of metal migration and immobilization in the soils of the Western Siberian Subarctic resulting from contamination associated with hydrocarbon development. The research is based on the analysis of 106 soil and soil solution samples for metal content (Na, Ca, K, Fe, Mn, Cd, Cr, Zn, Sr, Cu, Ni, Ba, Pb, Co, V) and petroleum hydrocarbons in the soil, collected at oil fields and background sites in the Nadym-Pur-Taz interfluve. Statistical modeling based on geochemical data was conducted using multivariate statistical methods. The first stage involved data factorization and factor interpretation, identifying drilling cuttings, formation waters, and motor vehicles as primary sources of pollution. Discriminant analysis enabled the grouping of samples based on the nature of the impact. Multivariate analysis of variance made it possible to identify the key factors governing metal mobility potential in soils. These factors were subsequently used as predictors in multiple regression analysis (MRA). MRA revealed the primary mechanisms of metal mobilization into solution: competitive sorption (Mn, Sr, Co, Pb, Cr, Ca, Ba, Zn), solution ionic strength (Na, Mn, Zn), soil alkalinization (Cr, V), and hydrophobization by petroleum hydrocarbons (Sr, Zn). It has been established that immobilization is most effective during ion-exchange sorption processes involving amorphous oxyhydroxides of Fe (Na, Ca, Mn, Sr, Zn) and Mn (Ba, Co, Cr, Pb), as well as organic matter of the humic series (Sr, Ba). A detailed characterization of metal behavior under contamination conditions is provided. It has been shown that the lateral migration of metals under the studied conditions ranges from 150 to 200 m. The reliability of multiple regression models was assessed, and internal validation was performed using experimental data. Based on an analysis of metal mobilization and immobilization mechanisms, recommendations are provided for reducing the migration potential of pollutants.

Ключевые слова буровые шламы пластовые воды конкурентная сорбция металлов гидрофобизация почв мобилизация металлов иммобилизация металлов

Keywords drilling cuttings formation waters competitive metal sorption soil hydrophobization metal mobilization metal immobilization

Работа выполнена при поддержке СПбГУ (проект ID 159084796).

The authors acknowledge Saint Petersburg State University for а research project (ID 159084796).

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