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    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2411-3336</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="eissn">2541-9404</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="ru">Записки Горного института</journal-title>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Mining Institute</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет императрицы Екатерины ΙΙ</publisher-name>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="en">Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">OQYYMK</article-id>
      <article-id custom-type="pmi" pub-id-type="custom">pmi-16866</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="uri">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16866</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru">
          <subject>Геотехнология и инженерная геология</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en">
          <subject>Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Analysis of technologies and equipment for Antarctic subglacial lake research</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>Анализ технико-технологического комплекса исследований подледниковых озер Антарктиды</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Rakitin</surname>
            <given-names>Ilya V.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Ракитин</surname>
              <given-names>И. В.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Rakitin</surname>
              <given-names>Ilya V.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>ilja.rakitin@mail.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-7874-1859</contrib-id>
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            <institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет императрицы Екатерины II (Санкт-Петербург, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Empress Catherine ΙΙ Saint Petersburg Mining University (Saint Petersburg, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Vasilev</surname>
            <given-names>Dmitrii A.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Васильев</surname>
              <given-names>Д. А.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Vasilev</surname>
              <given-names>Dmitrii A.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>vasilev.d.1773@gmail.com</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-8132-8881</contrib-id>
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            <institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет императрицы Екатерины II (Санкт-Петербург, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Empress Catherine ΙΙ Saint Petersburg Mining University (Saint Petersburg, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Bolshunov</surname>
            <given-names>Aleksei V.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Большунов</surname>
              <given-names>А. В.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Bolshunov</surname>
              <given-names>Aleksei V.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>bolshunov_av@pers.spmi.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-3879-7380</contrib-id>
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        </contrib>
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            <institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет императрицы Екатерины II (Санкт-Петербург, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Empress Catherine ΙΙ Saint Petersburg Mining University (Saint Petersburg, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Ozhigin</surname>
            <given-names>Anatolii Yu.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Ожигин</surname>
              <given-names>А. Ю.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Ozhigin</surname>
              <given-names>Anatolii Yu.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>ilja.rakitin@mail.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8279-8866</contrib-id>
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            <institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет императрицы Екатерины II (Санкт-Петербург, Россия)</institution>
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          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Empress Catherine ΙΙ Saint Petersburg Mining University (Saint Petersburg, Russia)</institution>
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      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-09-02">
        <day>02</day>
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>280</volume>
      <fpage>176</fpage>
      <lpage>188</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-12-09">
          <day>09</day>
          <month>12</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-06-25">
          <day>25</day>
          <month>06</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2026-08-31">
          <day>31</day>
          <month>08</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">© 2026 И. В. Ракитин, Д. А. Васильев, А. В. Большунов, А. Ю. Ожигин</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="en">© 2026 Ilya V. Rakitin, Dmitrii A. Vasilev, Aleksei V. Bolshunov, Anatolii Yu. Ozhigin</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">И. В. Ракитин, Д. А. Васильев, А. В. Большунов, А. Ю. Ожигин</copyright-holder>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ilya V. Rakitin, Dmitrii A. Vasilev, Aleksei V. Bolshunov, Anatolii Yu. Ozhigin</copyright-holder>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" xml:lang="ru">
          <license-p>Эта статья доступна по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
        </license>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16866">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16866</self-uri>
      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>Подледниковая гидрологическая система Антарктиды является уникальным и наименее изученным источником геологической, палеоклиматической и биологической информации, доступ к которой возможен только при проведении прямых исследований с отбором проб воды, взвеси и донных отложений. Наибольшую научную ценность представляют изолированные на протяжении многих сотен тысяч лет участки последовательного осадконакопления с мощными слоями древних донных отложений, не нарушенных ледниковой базальной эрозией. Такие участки располагаются в подледниковых озерах – ключевых элементах подледниковой гидрологической системы Антарктиды. Тема планирования и реализации прямых исследований подледниковых озер Антарктиды, находящихся как под относительно небольшой толщей ледника, так и на глубинах более 2500 м, до сих пор является дискуссионной из-за малого опыта решения подобных задач, а также разногласий в области соблюдения и контроля экологических требований при получении доступа к подледниковым объектам. В статье обобщены результаты междисциплинарных исследований подледниковых озер Антарктиды, включая их локализацию, глубину залегания, морфометрические и гидродинамические параметры, а также состав донных отложений. Особое внимание уделено описанию технико-технологического комплекса исследования подледниковых озер, включающего геофизические работы, бурение скважины доступа, вскрытие озера, определение физических и химических параметров водного объекта, отбор проб воды, донных отложений и взвеси. Анализируются и обсуждаются сложности и ограничения при исследовании «стабильных» подледниковых озер, представлены ключевые направления развития используемых в этой сфере технологий и технических средств.</p>
      </abstract>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>Antarctica's subglacial hydrological system is a unique and still largely unexplored source of geological, paleoclimatic, and biological information that can be accessed only through direct investigation involving the sampling of water, suspended particulate matter, and bottom sediments. Of greatest scientific value are sites that have remained isolated for hundreds of thousands of years and preserve continuous sedimentary sequences containing thick deposits of ancient bottom sediments unaffected by basal glacial erosion. Such sites occur in subglacial lakes, which are key components of Antarctica’s subglacial hydrological system. The planning and implementation of direct investigations of Antarctic subglacial lakes beneath both relatively thin ice and more than 2500 m of ice remain subjects of debate because experience with such operations is limited and there is no consensus on how compliance with environmental requirements should be ensured and monitored when subglacial environments are accessed. This article synthesizes the results of interdisciplinary studies of Antarctic subglacial lakes, including their locations, depths below the ice surface, morphometric and hydrodynamic parameters, and bottom-sediment composition. Particular attention is given to the technologies and equipment used to investigate subglacial lakes, including geophysical surveys, access-borehole drilling, lake access, measurement of the water body's physical and chemical parameters, and sampling of water, bottom sediments, and suspended particulate matter. The challenges and constraints associated with investigating “stable” subglacial lakes are analyzed and discussed, and key priorities for advancing the relevant technologies and equipment are identified.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <title>Ключевые слова</title>
        <kwd>Антарктида</kwd>
        <kwd>подледниковые озера</kwd>
        <kwd>геофизические исследования</kwd>
        <kwd>технологии бурения льда</kwd>
        <kwd>технологии пробоотбора</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Antarctica</kwd>
        <kwd>subglacial lakes</kwd>
        <kwd>geophysical surveys</kwd>
        <kwd>ice-drilling technologies</kwd>
        <kwd>sampling technologies</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <funding-group>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках Государственного задания в сфере научной деятельности на 2024 г. № FSRW-2024-0003.</funding-statement>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was conducted under the 2024 State assignment for scientific research N FSRW-2024-0003.</funding-statement>
      </funding-group>
    </article-meta>
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  <back>
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