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    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2411-3336</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="eissn">2541-9404</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="ru">Записки Горного института</journal-title>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Mining Institute</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет императрицы Екатерины ΙΙ</publisher-name>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="en">Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">TIOPZY</article-id>
      <article-id custom-type="pmi" pub-id-type="custom">pmi-16614</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="uri">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16614</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru">
          <subject>Геология</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en">
          <subject>Geology</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Geodynamic processes, Cenozoic rifting and the mechanism of formation of the deepest depressions on land in Antarctica</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>Геодинамические процессы, кайнозойский рифтогенез и механизм образования глубочайших впадин на суше в Антарктиде</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Baranov</surname>
            <given-names>Alexey A.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Баранов</surname>
              <given-names>А. А.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Baranov</surname>
              <given-names>Alexey A.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>aabaranov@gmail.com</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-7793-5555</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Институт физики Земли им. О.Ю. Шмидта РАН (Москва, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth, RAS (Moscow, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Lobkovsky</surname>
            <given-names>Leopold I.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Лобковский</surname>
              <given-names>Л. И.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Lobkovsky</surname>
              <given-names>Leopold I.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>llobkovsky@ocean.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8033-8452</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff2">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Институт океанологии им. П.П.Ширшова РАН (Москва, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, RAS (Moscow, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2025-06-25">
        <day>25</day>
        <month>06</month>
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>273</volume>
      <fpage>15</fpage>
      <lpage>25</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-11-14">
          <day>14</day>
          <month>11</month>
          <year>2024</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-04-10">
          <day>10</day>
          <month>04</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2025-07-07">
          <day>07</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">© 2025 А. А. Баранов, Л. И. Лобковский</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="en">© 2025 Alexey A. Baranov, Leopold I. Lobkovsky</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2025</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">А. А. Баранов, Л. И. Лобковский</copyright-holder>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Alexey A. Baranov, Leopold I. Lobkovsky</copyright-holder>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" xml:lang="ru">
          <license-p>Эта статья доступна по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
        </license>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16614">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16614</self-uri>
      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>Новые геофизические данные выявили большое количество узких и глубоких депрессий ложа ледового щита в различных районах Антарктиды с глубинами до 3500 м ниже уровня моря (впадина Денмана). Эти впадины обладают всеми признаками кайнозойского рифтогенеза – крутыми бортами, самыми большими глубинами на суше, сильными отрицательными гравитационными аномалиями в свободном воздухе (–100 мГал и менее) и повышенным тепловым потоком. Продолжение рифтогенеза уже после оледенения Антарктиды с почти полным прекращением седиментации подо льдом объясняет большую глубину и крутые борта впадин с повышенным тепловым потоком и дефицитом массы. Важной особенностью прибрежных впадин ледового ложа являются их ретроградные склоны, характерные только для Антарктиды. Подледный рельеф впадин на подходе к берегу континента резко выполаживается, что свидетельствует об осадконакоплении в переходной области в периоды таяния льда и последующих морских регрессий-трансгрессий в позднем кайнозое. Повышенный тепловой поток может приводить к подплавлению подошвы ледников и способствовать их ускоренному сползанию с коренного ложа в океан. Еще один фактор, влияющий на скорость сползания ледников в море, – сила трения с коренным ложем. Наличие мягких молодых осадков уменьшает трение и способствует сползанию покровных ледников в море под воздействием силы тяжести. Быстродвижущиеся покровные ледники в Антарктиде в основном приурочены к районам рифтогенных впадин. Ускорение стока ледников по ретроградным склонам в океан имеет положительную обратную связь и создает потенциальную угрозу глобального повышения уровня моря. Геодинамический механизм, ответственный за кайнозойскую активизацию рифтовых зон Антарктиды, обусловлен действием локальных верхнемантийных плюмов под Антарктидой в процессе и после распада Гондваны. Дальнейшая реактивация растяжения по ослабленным зонам в литосфере связана с начавшимся в миоцене общим ускорением глобальной мантийной конвекции. Предложены численные трехмерные геодинамические модели образования Трансантарктических гор и поднятия внутриплитного орогена Гамбурцева в кайнозое.</p>
      </abstract>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>New geophysical data have revealed a large number of narrow and deep depressions in the ice sheet bed in various areas of Antarctica with depths of up to 3500 m below sea level (Denman Depression). These depressions have all the features of Cenozoic rifting – steep sides, the greatest depths on land, strong negative gravity anomalies in free air (–100 mGal and less) and high heat flow. The continuation of rifting after the glaciation of Antarctica with almost complete cessation of sedimentation under the ice explains the great depth and steep sides of the depressions with increased heat flow and mass deficit. Important features of the coastal depressions of the ice bed are their retrograde slopes, characteristic only of Antarctica. The subglacial relief of the basins on the approach to the continental coast sharply flattens out, which indicates sedimentation in the transition zone during periods of ice melting and subsequent marine regressions-transgressions in the Late Cenozoic. Increased heat flow can lead to melting of the glacier base and promote their accelerated sliding from the bedrock into the ocean. Another factor affecting the rate of glacier sliding into the ocean is the friction force with the bedrock. The presence of soft young sediments reduces friction and promotes the sliding of ice sheets into the ocean under the influence of gravity. Fast-moving ice sheets in Antarctica are mainly confined to areas of rift basins. Acceleration of glacier runoff along retrograde slopes into the ocean has a positive feedback and creates a potential hazard of global sea level rise. The geodynamic mechanism responsible for the Cenozoic activation of Antarctic rift zones is due to the action of local upper mantle plumes beneath Antarctica during and after the breakup of Gondwana. Further reactivation of extension along weakened zones in the lithosphere is associated with the general acceleration of global mantle convection that began in the Miocene. Numerical three-dimensional geodynamic models of the formation of the Transantarctic Mountains and the uplift of the Gamburtsev intraplate orogen in the Cenozoic are proposed.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <title>Ключевые слова</title>
        <kwd>Антарктида</kwd>
        <kwd>кайнозойский рифтогенез</kwd>
        <kwd>впадина Денмана</kwd>
        <kwd>горы Гамбурцева</kwd>
        <kwd>Трансантарктические горы</kwd>
        <kwd>повышение уровня моря</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Antarctica</kwd>
        <kwd>Cenozoic rifting</kwd>
        <kwd>Denman Depression</kwd>
        <kwd>Gamburtsev Subglacial Mountains</kwd>
        <kwd>Transantarctic Mountains</kwd>
        <kwd>sea level rise</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <funding-group>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках Государственного задания Института океанологии им. П.П.Ширшова РАН № FMWE-2021-0004 и Государственного задания Института физики Земли им. О.Ю.Шмидта РАН.</funding-statement>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out partly under the State assignment of the Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, RAS, N FMWE-2021-0004; partly under the State assignment of the Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth, RAS.</funding-statement>
      </funding-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body/>
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