2411-3336 2541-9404 Записки Горного института Journal of Mining Institute Санкт-Петербургский горный университет императрицы Екатерины ΙΙ Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University YDKTZP pmi-16602 https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16602 Геотехнология и инженерная геология Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology Biogeochemical characterization and assessment of geoecological risks in the Daldyn kimberlite field Биогеохимическая характеристика и оценка геоэкологических рисков на территории Далдынского кимберлитового поля Gololobova Anna G. Гололобова А. Г. Gololobova Anna G. nuta0687@mail.ru 0000-0003-0813-5404 Институт геологии алмаза и благородных металлов СО РАН (Якутск, Россия) Diamond and Precious Metal Geology Institute SB RAS (Yakutsk, Russia) Legostaeva Yana B. Легостаева Я. Б. Legostaeva Yana B. ylego@mail.ru 0000-0002-1556-9182 Институт геологии алмаза и благородных металлов СО РАН (Якутск, Россия) Diamond and Precious Metal Geology Institute SB RAS (Yakutsk, Russia) 11 03 2026 2026 278 54 66 01 11 2024 09 12 2025 25 03 2026 © 2026 А. Г. Гололобова, Я. Б. Легостаева © 2026 Anna G. Gololobova, Yana B. Legostaeva 2026 А. Г. Гололобова, Я. Б. Легостаева Anna G. Gololobova, Yana B. Legostaeva Эта статья доступна по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0) https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16602

Проведено исследование на территории Далдынского кимберлитового поля, в пределах промышленной площадки Удачнинского горно-обогатительного комбината (Якутия, Россия). Объектами исследования являлись мерзлотные почвы и два вида кустарников – Betula middendorffii T. (береза Миддендорфа) и Duschekia fruticosa R. (ольховник кустарниковый). Образцы почвы и растений анализировались методом атомно-абсорбционной спектрометрии на наличие потенциально токсичных элементов (Pb, Ni, Mn, Cd, Co, Cr, Zn, Cu и As). Для каждого элемента рассчитаны коэффициент биоаккумуляции и потенциальный экологический фактор риска. В изученных растениях исследуемые элементы по содержанию располагались в убывающем порядке: Mn > Zn > > Cr > Ni > Cu > Pb > As > Co > Cd, по степени биоаккумуляции Betula middendorffii T. характеризуется рядом Cr > Zn > Ni > Mn > Pb > Cu > Cd > Co, а Duschekia fruticosa R. – Cr > Zn > Ni > Pb > Cu > Mn > Cd > Co. В результате исследований выявлено, что Betula middendorffiii T. и Duschekia fruticosa R. устойчивы к высоким концентрациям элементов, когерентных кимберлитам – Cr, Ni, Co и долеритам – Cu, Mn и Zn. Следствием проявления кимберлитового магматизма в почвах и растениях являются избыточные для растений концентрации Ni, Cr и Mn, которые определены в качестве потенциальных факторов экологического риска. Большая часть территории Далдынского кимберлитового поля характеризуется низким и умеренным экологическим риском. Импактные зоны карьеров кимберлитовых трубок и отвалов пустых пород отличаются значительным и высоким потенциальным экологическим риском.

The study was conducted on the territory of the Daldyn kimberlite field, within the industrial site of the Udachny Mining and Processing Plant (Yakutia, Russia). The objects of the study were permafrost soils and two types of shrubs – Betula middendorffii T. (Middendorff birch) and Duschekia fruticosa R. (shrubby alder). Soil and plant samples were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrometry for the presence of potentially toxic elements (Pb, Ni, Mn, Cd, Co, Cr, Zn, Cu and As). Bioaccumulation coefficient and potential environmental risk factor were calculated for each element. In the studied plants, the elements of interest were arranged in descending order of content: Mn > Zn > > Cr > Ni > Cu > Pb > As > > Co > Cd, according to the degree of bioaccumulation Betula middendorffii T. characterized by a number of Cr > Zn > Ni > Mn > Pb > Cu > Cd > Co, and Duschekia fruticosa R. – Cr > Zn > Ni > Pb > Cu > Mn > Cd > Co. The research revealed that Betula middendorffiii T. and Duschekia fruticosa R. are resistant to high concentrations of elements, coherent kimberlites – Cr, Ni, Co and dolerites – Cu, Mn and Zn. The consequence of the occurrence of kimberlite magmatism in soils and plants are concentrations of Ni, Cr and Mn that are excessive for plants, which are identified as potential environmental risk factors. Most of the territory of the Daldyn kimberlite field is characterized by low and moderate environmental risk. Impact zones of kimberlite pipe quarries and waste rock dumps are characterized by significant and high potential environmental risk.

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