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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2411-3336</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="eissn">2541-9404</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="ru">Записки Горного института</journal-title>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Mining Institute</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет императрицы Екатерины ΙΙ</publisher-name>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="en">Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">OKPFFR</article-id>
      <article-id custom-type="pmi" pub-id-type="custom">pmi-16590</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="uri">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16590</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru">
          <subject>Геотехнология и инженерная геология</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en">
          <subject>Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Development of complex system of geotechnical monitoring of technogenic objects based on geospatial data</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>Разработка комплексной системы геотехнического мониторинга техногенных объектов на основе геопространственных данных</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Kazantseva</surname>
            <given-names>Viktoriya V.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Казанцева</surname>
              <given-names>В. В.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Kazantseva</surname>
              <given-names>Viktoriya V.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>kazantseva.v@kstu.kz</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-5915-1677</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">НАО «Карагандинский технический университет имени Абылкаса Сагинова» (Караганда, Казахстан)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University (Karaganda, Kazakhstan)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Ozhigin</surname>
            <given-names>Dmitrii S.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Ожигин</surname>
              <given-names>Д. С.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Ozhigin</surname>
              <given-names>Dmitrii S.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>ozhigin.dima@kstu.kz</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-2443-3068</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff2">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">НАО «Карагандинский технический университет имени Абылкаса Сагинова» (Караганда, Казахстан)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University (Karaganda, Kazakhstan)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Kosarev</surname>
            <given-names>Nikolai S.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Косарев</surname>
              <given-names>Н. С.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Kosarev</surname>
              <given-names>Nikolai S.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>kosarevnsk@yandex.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-1806-3651</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff3">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Сибирский государственный университет геосистем и технологий (Новосибирск, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies (Novosibirsk, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Satbergenova</surname>
            <given-names>Asel K.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Сатбергенова</surname>
              <given-names>А. К.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Satbergenova</surname>
              <given-names>Asel K.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>a.satbergenova@gmail.com</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-5806-2827</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff4">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">НАО «Карагандинский технический университет имени Абылкаса Сагинова» (Караганда, Казахстан)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University (Karaganda, Kazakhstan)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Ozhigina</surname>
            <given-names>Svetlana B.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Ожигина</surname>
              <given-names>С. Б.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Ozhigina</surname>
              <given-names>Svetlana B.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>osb66@mail.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-7986-2858</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff5">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">НАО «Карагандинский технический университет имени Абылкаса Сагинова» (Караганда, Казахстан)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Abylkas Saginov Karaganda Technical University (Karaganda, Kazakhstan)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2025-09-05">
        <day>05</day>
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>276</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>142</fpage>
      <lpage>156</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-10-07">
          <day>07</day>
          <month>10</month>
          <year>2024</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-04-10">
          <day>10</day>
          <month>04</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2025-12-29">
          <day>29</day>
          <month>12</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>© Viktoriya V. Kazantseva, Dmitrii S. Ozhigin, Nikolai S. Kosarev, Asel K. Satbergenova, Svetlana B. Ozhigina</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2025</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">В. В. Казанцева, Д. С. Ожигин, Н. С. Косарев, А. К. Сатбергенова, С. Б. Ожигина</copyright-holder>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Viktoriya V. Kazantseva, Dmitrii S. Ozhigin, Nikolai S. Kosarev, Asel K. Satbergenova, Svetlana B. Ozhigina</copyright-holder>
        <license xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0">
          <license-p>CC BY 4.0</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16590">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16590</self-uri>
      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>Мониторинг состояния устойчивости техногенных объектов представляет собой критически важный аспект обеспечения безопасности и предупреждения чрезвычайных ситуаций, вызванных горными и геологическими процессами. Комплексное использование различных методов мониторинга позволяет получить всестороннюю информацию о динамике деформационных процессов. Разработана комплексная система геотехнического мониторинга техногенных объектов на основе геопространственных данных, которая была апробирована в условиях угольного разреза «Эдельвейс +» (Республика Казахстан). В основу системы легла поэтапная интеграция методов дистанционного зондирования Земли, спутниковой радарной интерферометрии, аэрофотосъемки с использованием беспилотных воздушных судов (БВС), а также современных инструментальных методов – электронной тахеометрии и ГНСС-измерений. Первый этап – анализ архивных спутниковых снимков для выявления зон значительных смещений поверхности. Второй этап – аэрофотосъемка с применением БВС для создания детализированных 3D-моделей участков поверхности с деформациями. Третий этап включает создание системы геомеханического мониторинга на основе инструментальных методов наблюдений на участках с критическими изменениями. Заключительный этап – создание и обновление базы геопространственных данных, обеспечивающей непрерывный мониторинг состояния объекта. В результате апробации системы геотехнического мониторинга по снимкам со спутников Sentinel-1 и TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X на северном борту разреза «Эдельвейс +» выявлено оседание поверхности до 25 мм. Аэрофотосъемка разреза позволила построить цифровые 3D-модели местности, сравнение которых подтвердило деформационные процессы на горизонте +556 м. Инструментальные наблюдения с применением современных геодезических методов уточнили вид и динамику деформаций горного массива. Интеграция геопространственных данных в системе геотехнического мониторинга обеспечивает оперативное выявление деформаций, их анализ и прогноз, что позволяет минимизировать риски разрушения и повысить безопасность эксплуатации техногенных объектов.</p>
      </abstract>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>Monitoring of the stability of technogenic objects is a critical aspect of ensuring safety and preventing emergencies caused by mining and geological processes. The integrated use of various monitoring methods allows obtaining comprehensive information on the dynamics of deformation processes. The complex system of geotechnical monitoring of technogenic objects on the basis of geospatial data was developed, which was tested in the conditions of the “Edelweiss +” open-pit coal mine (Republic of Kazakhstan). The system was based on the step-by-step integration of Earth remote sensing methods, satellite radar interferometry, aerial photography with the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), as well as modern instrumental methods – electronic tacheometry and GNSS measurements. The first stage – analysis of archive satellite images to identify areas of significant surface displacements. The second stage is aerial photography using UAVs to create detailed 3D models of surface areas with deformations. The third stage includes the creation of a geomechanical monitoring system based on instrumental observation methods in areas with critical changes. The final stage is the creation and updating of a geospatial database that provides continuous monitoring of the object’s condition. As a result of testing of the geotechnical monitoring system based on Sentinel-1 and TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X satellite images, surface subsidence of up to 25 mm was detected on the northern side of the “Edelweiss +” open-pit mine. Aerial photography of the open-pit mine allowed us to construct digital 3D models of the terrain, the comparison of which confirmed deformation processes at the +556 m horizon. Instrumental observations using modern geodetic methods clarified the type and dynamics of deformations of the rock mass. Integration of geospatial data in the geotechnical monitoring system ensures prompt detection of deformations, their analysis and forecast, which allows us to minimize the risks of destruction and increase the safety of operation of technogenic objects.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <title>Ключевые слова</title>
        <kwd>повышение безопасности</kwd>
        <kwd>критически важные объекты инфраструктуры</kwd>
        <kwd>высокоточные геопространственные данные</kwd>
        <kwd>цифровые модели</kwd>
        <kwd>беспилотное воздушное судно</kwd>
        <kwd>дистанционное зондирование Земли</kwd>
        <kwd>деформационные процессы</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>security enhancement</kwd>
        <kwd>essential infrastructure facilities</kwd>
        <kwd>highly-accuracy geospatial data</kwd>
        <kwd>digital models</kwd>
        <kwd>unmanned aerial vehicles</kwd>
        <kwd>remote Earth sensing</kwd>
        <kwd>deformation processes</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <funding-group>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках договора грантового финансирования молодых ученых по научным и научно-техническим проектам Республики Казахстан № 113/КМУ-5-24-26 от 20.06.2024 г. по проекту № АР22788508.</funding-statement>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was performed within the frameworks of agreement on grant financing for young scientists in scientific and scientific-technical projects of the Republic of Kazakhstan N 113/KМU-5-24-26, 20.06.2024, project N АR22788508.</funding-statement>
      </funding-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body/>
  <back>
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