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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2411-3336</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="eissn">2541-9404</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="ru">Записки Горного института</journal-title>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Mining Institute</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет императрицы Екатерины ΙΙ</publisher-name>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="en">Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">NLLQGT</article-id>
      <article-id custom-type="pmi" pub-id-type="custom">pmi-16422</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="uri">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16422</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru">
          <subject>Геотехнология и инженерная геология</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en">
          <subject>Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Organotin pollutants in emerging coastal-marine sediments  of the Kaliningrad shelf, Baltic Sea</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>Оловоорганические загрязнители  в формирующихся прибрежно-морских отложениях  Калининградского шельфа, Балтийское море</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Zhakovskaya</surname>
            <given-names>Zoya A.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Жаковская</surname>
              <given-names>З. А.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Zhakovskaya</surname>
              <given-names>Zoya A.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>zoya.zhakovskaya@gmail.com</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-5620-1317</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский Федеральный исследовательский центр РАН (Санкт-Петербург, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg Federal Research Center of the RAS (Saint-Petersburg, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Kukhareva</surname>
            <given-names>Galina I.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Кухарева</surname>
              <given-names>Г. И.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Kukhareva</surname>
              <given-names>Galina I.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>galina-kgi@yandex.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-0035-869X</contrib-id>
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        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff2">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский Федеральный исследовательский центр РАН (Санкт-Петербург, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg Federal Research Center of the RAS (Saint-Petersburg, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Bash</surname>
            <given-names>Polina V.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Баш</surname>
              <given-names>П. В.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Bash</surname>
              <given-names>Polina V.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>polli-ant@mail.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0009-6844-8606</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff3">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский Федеральный исследовательский центр РАН (Санкт-Петербург, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg Federal Research Center of the RAS (Saint-Petersburg, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Ryabchuk</surname>
            <given-names>Daria V.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Рябчук</surname>
              <given-names>Д. В.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Ryabchuk</surname>
              <given-names>Daria V.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>daria_ryabchuk@mail.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-2266-8688</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff4">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский научно-исследовательский геологический институт им. А.П.Карпинского (Санкт-Петербург, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">A.P.Karpinsky Russian Geological Institute (Saint-Petersburg, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Sergeev</surname>
            <given-names>Alexander Yu.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Сергеев</surname>
              <given-names>А. Ю.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Sergeev</surname>
              <given-names>Alexander Yu.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>sergeevau@yandex.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8035-6116</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff5">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский научно-исследовательский геологический институт им. А.П.Карпинского (Санкт-Петербург, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">A.P.Karpinsky Russian Geological Institute (Saint-Petersburg, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2024-07-04">
        <day>04</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>267</volume>
      <fpage>356</fpage>
      <lpage>371</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-03-30">
          <day>30</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>2024</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-06-13">
          <day>13</day>
          <month>06</month>
          <year>2024</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2024-07-04">
          <day>04</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2024</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">© 2024 З. А. Жаковская, Г. И. Кухарева, П. В. Баш, Д. В. Рябчук, А. Ю. Сергеев</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="en">© 2024 Zoya A. Zhakovskaya, Galina I. Kukhareva, Polina V. Bash, Daria V. Ryabchuk, Alexander Yu. Sergeev</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2024</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">З. А. Жаковская, Г. И. Кухарева, П. В. Баш, Д. В. Рябчук, А. Ю. Сергеев</copyright-holder>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zoya A. Zhakovskaya, Galina I. Kukhareva, Polina V. Bash, Daria V. Ryabchuk, Alexander Yu. Sergeev</copyright-holder>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" xml:lang="ru">
          <license-p>Эта статья доступна по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
        </license>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16422">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16422</self-uri>
      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>На основе двухлетнего мониторинга современных донных отложений двух участков Калининградского шельфа Балтийского моря – «Куршская коса» и «Северный Самбийский» – проведена оценка источников загрязнения оловоорганическими соединениями (ООС) и тяжелыми металлами. Содержание отдельных ООС и спектры ООС, полученные при анализе методом газовой хроматографии с масс-спектрометрией относительно крупнозернистых донных отложений, указывают на присутствие оловоорганики в значимых количествах – суммарное содержание ООС (ΣООС) от 0,6 до 8,3 нг/г. Однако содержание трибутилолова (ТБО), основного компонента противообрастающих систем для морских судов и наиболее опасного для морских экосистем эндокринразрушающего соединения из ряда ООС, находится на низком уровне (0-2,3 нг/г) во всех изученных пробах и не увеличилось за двухлетний период наблюдений (коэффициент биодеградации 1,7-12,4). В то же время присутствие в осадках участка «Северный Самбийский» аномально высоких содержаний моно-, трифенил- и трициклогексилолова (до 30, 7 и 6,4 нг/г соответственно) свидетельствует о дополнительном источнике загрязнений прибрежных вод и шельфовых осадков (например, пластиковым мусором и сельскохозяйственными стоками). Отсутствие значимого судоходства в изучаемых районах обеспечивает устойчиво низкий уровень загрязнения трибутилоловом и его производными (менее 0,3 и 2,3 нг/г ТБО в 2017 г. и менее 0,1 и 1,3 нг/г в 2018 г. для участков «Куршская коса» и «Северный Самбийский» соответственно), что свидетельствует об активности процессов трансформации ТБО и самоочистки песчаных осадков. Однако установленные тенденции и их прогнозная корректность требуют долговременного наблюдения и мониторинга состояния осадков с привлечением данных по глубоководной части шельфа, обогащенной глинистой и гумусной составляющей.</p>
      </abstract>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>Based on two years of monitoring of modern bottom sediments of two sections of the Kaliningrad shelf of the Baltic Sea – “Curonian Spit” and “Northern Sambian” – an assessment of the sources of pollution with organotin compounds (OTs) and heavy metals was carried out. The content of individual organotin compounds and OTCs spectra obtained by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry of relatively coarse-grained bottom sediments indicate the presence of organotins in significant quantities – the total OTs content (ΣOTs) is from 0.6 to 8.3 ng/g. However, the content of tributyltin (TBT), the main component of anti-fouling systems for marine vessels and the most dangerous endocrine-disrupting compound among the hazardous substances for marine ecosystems, is at a low level (0-2.3 ng/g) in all studied samples and has not increased over the two-year observation period (biodegradation index 1.7-12.4). At the same time, the presence of abnormally high concentrations of mono-, triphenyl- and tricyclohexyltin in the sediments of the ”Northern Sambian” site (up to 30, 7 and 6.4 ng/g, respectively) indicates an additional source of pollution of coastal waters and shelf sediments (for example, plastic litter and agricultural runoff). The absence of significant shipping in the study areas ensures a consistently low level of pollution with tributyltin and its derivatives (less than 0.3 and 2.3 ng/g of TBT in 2017 and less than 0.1 and 1.3 ng/g in 2018 for the sites “Curonian Spit” and “Northern Sambian”, respectively), which indicates the activity of the processes of TBT transformation and self-cleaning of sandy sediments. However, the identified trends and their predictive accuracy require long-term observation and monitoring of the sediment environment using data on the deep-water part of the shelf, enriched in clay and humus components.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <title>Ключевые слова</title>
        <kwd>оловоорганические соединения</kwd>
        <kwd>трибутилолово</kwd>
        <kwd>донные отложения</kwd>
        <kwd>Куршская коса</kwd>
        <kwd>Балтийское море</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>organotin compounds</kwd>
        <kwd>tributyltin</kwd>
        <kwd>bottom sediments</kwd>
        <kwd>Curonian Spit</kwd>
        <kwd>Baltic Sea</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <funding-group>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Отбор проб донных отложений выполнен при полевых работах по проекту «Государственный мониторинг состояния недр прибрежно-шельфовой зоны Балтийского, Белого и Баренцева морей». Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации (№ 122041100086-5).</funding-statement>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="en">Bottom sediment sampling was carried out during field work under the project “State monitoring of subsoil of the coastal-shelf zone of the Baltic, White and Barents Seas”. The work was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (N 122041100086-5).</funding-statement>
      </funding-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body/>
  <back>
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