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    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2411-3336</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="eissn">2541-9404</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="ru">Записки Горного института</journal-title>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Mining Institute</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет императрицы Екатерины ΙΙ</publisher-name>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="en">Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">BPIOTO</article-id>
      <article-id custom-type="pmi" pub-id-type="custom">pmi-16297</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="uri">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16297</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru">
          <subject>Геотехнология и инженерная геология</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en">
          <subject>Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Normalized impulse response testing in underground constructions monitoring</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>Метод анализа нормированного акустического отклика при мониторинге подземных конструкций</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Churkin</surname>
            <given-names>Aleksei A.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Чуркин</surname>
              <given-names>А. А.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Churkin</surname>
              <given-names>Aleksei A.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>chaa92@mail.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-4043-9590</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт оснований и подземных сооружений НИИОСП им. Н.М.Герсеванова (Москва, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Gersevanov Research Institute of Bases and Underground Structures (Moscow, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Kapustin</surname>
            <given-names>Vladimir V.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Капустин</surname>
              <given-names>В. В.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Kapustin</surname>
              <given-names>Vladimir V.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>9704361@mail.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-9404-4407</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff2">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Московский государственный университет имени М.В.Ломоносова (Москва, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Lomonosov Moscow State University (Moscow, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Pleshko</surname>
            <given-names>Mikhail S.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Плешко</surname>
              <given-names>М. С.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Pleshko</surname>
              <given-names>Mikhail S.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>mixail.stepan78@gmail.com</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-2412-3075</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff3">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский технологический университет «МИСиС» (Москва, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">National University of Science and Technology “MISiS” (Moscow, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2024-08-01">
        <day>01</day>
        <month>08</month>
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>270</volume>
      <fpage>963</fpage>
      <lpage>976</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-07-27">
          <day>27</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2024-06-03">
          <day>03</day>
          <month>06</month>
          <year>2024</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2024-12-25">
          <day>25</day>
          <month>12</month>
          <year>2024</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">© 2024 А. А. Чуркин, В. В. Капустин, М. С. Плешко</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="en">© 2024 Aleksei A. Churkin, Vladimir V. Kapustin, Mikhail S. Pleshko</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2024</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">А. А. Чуркин, В. В. Капустин, М. С. Плешко</copyright-holder>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Aleksei A. Churkin, Vladimir V. Kapustin, Mikhail S. Pleshko</copyright-holder>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" xml:lang="ru">
          <license-p>Эта статья доступна по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
        </license>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16297">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16297</self-uri>
      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>Метод анализа акустического отклика – широко распространенный геофизический метод обследования монолитных плитоподобных конструкций (фундаментных плит, обделки тоннелей и крепи вертикальных, наклонных и горизонтальных горных выработок, подпорных стен), применяемый для контроля контактных условий и оценки качества тампонажа. Представлен новый подход к обработке данных, основанный на анализе атрибутов нормированного акустического отклика. В качестве информативных параметров сигнала предложено использовать рассчитываемую во временной области энергию нормированного сигнала и рассчитываемые в частотной области площадь нормированного спектра и средневзвешенную частоту. Предлагаемая методика позволяет оперативно оценить качество тампонажа или состояние контакта подземной конструкции с грунтом. Достоинством подхода является возможность применения для сбора данных геофизического оборудования, предназначенного для сейсмоакустического контроля длины и сплошности свайных фундаментов. Выполнены экспериментальные работы по применению методики при обследовании физической модели тоннельной обделки с известным положением области нарушения контакта «обделка – грунт». В качестве примеров применения методики представлены результаты обследования нескольких монолитных конструкций, включенных в эксплуатируемые объекты коммунальной и транспортной инфраструктуры. Подтверждена применимость методики для исследования обделки тоннелей, шахтной крепи и контроля нагнетания раствора под фундаментные плиты. Для интерпретации данных успешно применены модифицированный критерий 3σ и совместный анализ поведения комплекта атрибутов. Подробно рассмотрены особенности выполнения полевых работ, сбора и анализа данных. Предложены подходы развития методики и ее применения в рамках мониторинга подземных сооружений. Обозначены вопросы, возникающие при акустическом обследовании монолитных плитоподобных конструкций.</p>
      </abstract>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>Impulse Response testing is a widespread geophysical technique of monolithic plate-like structures (foundation slabs, tunnel lining, and supports for vertical, inclined and horizontal mine shafts, retaining walls) contact state and grouting quality evaluation. Novel approach to data processing based on normalized response attributes analysis is presented. It is proposed to use the energy of the normalized signal calculated in the time domain and the normalized spectrum area and the average-weighted frequency calculated in the frequency domain as informative parameters of the signal. The proposed technique allows users a rapid and robust evaluation of underground structure’s grouting or contact state quality. The advantage of this approach is the possibility of using geophysical equipment designed for low strain impact testing of piles length and integrity to collect data. Experimental study has been carried out on the application of the technique in examining a tunnel lining physical model with a known position of the loose contact area. As examples of the application of the methodology, the results of the several monolitic structures of operating municipal and transport infrastructure underground structures survey are presented. The applicability of the technique for examining the grouting of the tunnel lining and the control of injection under the foundation slabs is confirmed. For data interpretation the modified three-sigma criteria and the joint analysis of the attribute’s behavior were successfully used. The features of the field work methodology, data collection and analysis are discussed in detail. Approaches to the techniques' development and its application in the framework of underground constructions monitoring are outlined. The issues arising during acoustic examination of reinforced concrete plate-like structures are outlined.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <title>Ключевые слова</title>
        <kwd>неразрушающий контроль</kwd>
        <kwd>техническая геофизика</kwd>
        <kwd>метод анализа отклика</kwd>
        <kwd>подземные  сооружения</kwd>
        <kwd>контакт грунт – сооружение</kwd>
        <kwd>качество тампонажа</kwd>
        <kwd>поиск пустот</kwd>
        <kwd>атрибутный анализ</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>nondestructive testing</kwd>
        <kwd>technical geophysics</kwd>
        <kwd>impulse response testing</kwd>
        <kwd>underground constructions</kwd>
        <kwd>soil-structure contact state</kwd>
        <kwd>grouting quality</kwd>
        <kwd>void detection</kwd>
        <kwd>attribute analysis</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body/>
  <back>
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