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    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2411-3336</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="eissn">2541-9404</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="ru">Записки Горного института</journal-title>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Mining Institute</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет императрицы Екатерины ΙΙ</publisher-name>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="en">Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">OKWKUF</article-id>
      <article-id custom-type="pmi" pub-id-type="custom">pmi-16193</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="uri">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16193</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru">
          <subject>Энергетика</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en">
          <subject>Energy industry</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Evaluation of the influence of the hydraulic fluid temperature on power loss of the mining hydraulic excavator</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>Оценка влияния температуры рабочей жидкости на потери мощности карьерного гидравлического экскаватора</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Rakhutin</surname>
            <given-names>Maxim G.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Рахутин</surname>
              <given-names>М. Г.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Rakhutin</surname>
              <given-names>Maxim G.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>rahutin.mg@misis.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-5873-5550</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский технологический университет «МИСиС» (Москва, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">National University of Science and Technology “MISiS” (Moscow, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Giang</surname>
            <given-names>Khanh Quoc</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Занг</surname>
              <given-names>Кхань Куок</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Giang</surname>
              <given-names>Khanh Quoc</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>quockhanhgv.qui@gmail.com</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0009-0006-8589-5609</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff2">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Куангниньский Индустриальный Университет (Вьетнам, Вьетнам)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Quang Ninh university of Industry (Vietnam, Vietnam)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Krivenko</surname>
            <given-names>Aleksandr E.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Кривенко</surname>
              <given-names>А. Е.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Krivenko</surname>
              <given-names>Aleksandr E.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>krivenko.ae@misis.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-7198-4447</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff3">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский технологический университет «МИСиС» (Москва, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">National University of Science and Technology “MISiS” (Moscow, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Tran</surname>
            <given-names>Van Hiep</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Чан</surname>
              <given-names>Ван Хиеп</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Tran</surname>
              <given-names>Van Hiep</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>tranvanhiep89mta@gmail.com</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-0962-5835</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff4">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский технологический университет «МИСиС» (Москва, Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">National University of Science and Technology “MISiS” (Moscow, Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2023-07-19">
        <day>19</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>261</volume>
      <fpage>374</fpage>
      <lpage>383</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2023-03-16">
          <day>16</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-06-20">
          <day>20</day>
          <month>06</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2023-07-19">
          <day>19</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">© 2023 М. Г. Рахутин, Кхань Куок Занг, А. Е. Кривенко, Ван Хиеп Чан</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="en">© 2023 Maxim G. Rakhutin, Khanh Quoc Giang, Aleksandr E. Krivenko, Van Hiep Tran</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2023</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">М. Г. Рахутин, Кхань Куок Занг, А. Е. Кривенко, Ван Хиеп Чан</copyright-holder>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Maxim G. Rakhutin, Khanh Quoc Giang, Aleksandr E. Krivenko, Van Hiep Tran</copyright-holder>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" xml:lang="ru">
          <license-p>Эта статья доступна по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
        </license>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16193">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16193</self-uri>
      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>В установившемся режиме работы температура рабочей жидкости гидравлической системы карьерного экскаватора определяется температурой окружающей среды, конструкцией гидравлической системы и потерями мощности. Величина потерь мощности зависит от физических и термодинамических свойств рабочей жидкости и степени износа рабочих элементов гидравлической системы карьерного экскаватора. Основными причинами потерь мощности являются гидравлические потери в местных сопротивлениях, трубопроводах и утечки в насосах и гидромоторах. При увеличении температуры рабочей жидкости ее вязкость уменьшается, что приводит к снижению потерь мощности за счет гидравлических потерь в трубопроводах и местных сопротивлениях и к увеличению объемных утечек и связанных с ними потерь мощности. Для численного определения уровня потерь мощности на примере экскаватора Komatsu PC750-7 при применении гидравлических масел Shell Tellus S2 V 22, 32, 46, 68 с соответствующей кинематической вязкостью 22, 32, 46, 68 сСт при 40 °C использовалась разработанная методика расчета и программный алгоритм в среде MatLab Simulink. Предложен коэффициент потери мощности, получаемый сравнением потерь мощности при оптимальной величине температуры для гидросистемы в рассматриваемых условиях с фактическими. Использование коэффициента позволит выбирать рабочие жидкости и устанавливать величины предельного состояния основных насосов и других элементов гидросистемы, оценивать фактическую энергоэффективность работы экскаватора. Расчеты показали, что проведение мероприятий, обеспечивающих работу в интервале с отклонением 10 % от оптимального значения температуры для данных условий, позволяет сократить потери энергии от 3 до 12 %.</p>
      </abstract>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>In the steady state of operation, the temperature of a mining excavator hydraulic fluid is determined by the ambient temperature, hydraulic system design, and power losses. The amount of the hydraulic system power loss depends on the hydraulic fluid physical and thermodynamic properties and the degree of wear of the mining excavator hydraulic system working elements. The main causes of power losses are pressure losses in pipelines, valves and fittings, and leaks in pumps and hydraulic motors. With an increase in the temperature of hydraulic fluid, its viscosity decreases, which leads, on the one hand, to a decrease in power losses due to pressure losses in pipelines, valves and fittings, and, on the other hand, to an increase in volumetric leaks and associated power losses. To numerically determine the level of power losses occurring in the hydraulic system on an example of the Komatsu PC750-7 mining excavator when using Shell Tellus S2 V 22, 32, 46, 68 hydraulic oils with the corresponding kinematic viscosity of 22, 32, 46, 68 cSt at 40 °C, the developed calculation technique and software algorithm in the MatLab Simulink environment was used. The power loss coefficient, obtained by comparing power losses at the optimum temperature for a given hydraulic system in the conditions under consideration with the actual ones is proposed. The use of the coefficient will make it possible to reasonably select hydraulic fluids and set the values of the main pumps limit state and other hydraulic system elements, and evaluate the actual energy efficiency of the mining hydraulic excavator. Calculations have shown that the implementation of measures that ensure operation in the interval with a deviation of 10 % from the optimal temperature value for these conditions makes it possible to reduce energy losses from 3 to 12 %.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <title>Ключевые слова</title>
        <kwd>карьерный гидравлический экскаватор</kwd>
        <kwd>гидравлическая система</kwd>
        <kwd>потеря мощности</kwd>
        <kwd>вязкость</kwd>
        <kwd>температура</kwd>
        <kwd>утечки рабочей жидкости</kwd>
        <kwd>гидравлические потери</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>mining hydraulic excavator</kwd>
        <kwd>hydraulic system</kwd>
        <kwd>power loss</kwd>
        <kwd>viscosity</kwd>
        <kwd>temperature</kwd>
        <kwd>hydraulic fluid leakage</kwd>
        <kwd>hydraulic losses</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body/>
  <back>
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