2411-3336 2541-9404 Записки Горного института Journal of Mining Institute Санкт-Петербургский горный университет императрицы Екатерины ΙΙ Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University 10.31897/PMI.2023.14 NVFPPM pmi-16066 https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16066 Геотехнология и инженерная геология Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology Evaluation of the efficiency of sorbents for accidental oil spill response in the Arctic waters Оценка эффективности сорбентов для реагирования на аварийные разливы нефти в арктической акватории Vasileva Zhanna V. Васильева Ж. В. Vasileva Zhanna V. vasilevazhv@mstu.edu.ru 0000-0002-2254-1452 Мурманский государственный технический университет (Россия) Murmansk State Technical University (Russia) Vasekha Mikhail V. Васеха М. В. Vasekha Mikhail V. vasilevazhv@mstu.edu.ru 0000-0003-0672-5662 Мурманский государственный технический университет (Россия) Murmansk State Technical University (Russia) Tyulyaev Vladimir S. Тюляев В. С. Tyulyaev Vladimir S. vasilevazhv@mstu.edu.ru 0000-0002-5217-3945 Мурманский государственный технический университет (Россия) Murmansk State Technical University (Russia) 23 03 2023 2023 264 856 864 11 11 2022 19 01 2023 25 12 2023 © Zhanna V. Vasileva, Mikhail V. Vasekha, Vladimir S. Tyulyaev 2023 Ж. В. Васильева, М. В. Васеха, В. С. Тюляев Zhanna V. Vasileva, Mikhail V. Vasekha, Vladimir S. Tyulyaev CC BY 4.0 https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/16066

Разработка и эксплуатация новых нефтяных месторождений на арктическом шельфе увеличивает риски нефтяных разливов, что требует использования эффективных в суровых климатических условиях средств и материалов для ликвидации аварийных разливов нефти. Актуальным является вопрос фактической эффективности сорбентов для снижения уровня нефтяного загрязнения в условиях арктических и субарктических акваторий. Работа направлена на сравнительное исследование эффективности действия сорбентов минерального и органического происхождения, используемых береговыми предприятиями Кольского залива, а также сорбента на основе хитина в модельных системах, имитирующих реальные условия морской акватории. Характеристики сорбирующих материалов определялись по методике ASTM F716-18. Сорбционная емкость оценивалась в отношении нефти сорта ARCO, дизельного топлива и масла судового. Эффективность сорбентов оценена в модельных системах «морская вода – нефть» при температуре воды, соответствующей среднегодовой температуре поверхности Баренцева моря. Получены фактические данные сорбционной емкости коммерческих сорбентов «Лессорб», «Новосорб», сорбента на основе вермикулита и полученного сорбента хитина в отношении потенциальных загрязнителей акватории. Установлена динамика насыщения морской воды нефтепродуктами при –0,5 (±1) и 10 (±1) °С. Показано, что при более высокой температуре концентрация нефтепродуктов в толще морской воды (при наличии нефтяной пленки на поверхности) в среднем в четыре раза выше, чем при низкой температуре. Получены кинетические зависимости, описывающие содержание нефтепродуктов в толще и приповерхностном слое морской воды в присутствии исследуемых сорбентов при 5 (±1) °С, соответствующей среднегодовой температуре Кольского залива Баренцева моря. Предложен способ оценки эффективности работы сорбентов по значениям коэффициентов регрессии, характеризующих зависимость содержания нефтепродуктов в морской воде в зависимости от природы сорбента и времени его действия.

The development and operation of new oil fields on the Arctic shelf increases the risks of oil spills, which require the use of oil spill response tools and materials that are efficient in harsh climatic conditions. The question of actual efficiency of sorbents for reducing the level of oil pollution in the conditions of the Arctic and subarctic waters is relevant. The work is aimed at a comparative study of the efficiency of sorbents of mineral and organic origin used by coastal enterprises in the Kola Bay as well as a sorbent based on chitin in model systems simulating real conditions in sea waters. The characteristics of sorption agents were determined applying ASTM F716-18 procedure. Sorption capacity was evaluated in respect of ARCO grade oil, diesel fuel and marine oil. The efficiency of sorbents was estimated in model systems “sea water – oil” at water temperature corresponding to the average annual surface temperature in the Barents Sea. Actual data on sorption capacity of commercial sorbents “Lessorb”, “Novosorb”, a sorbent based on vermiculite and chitin sorbent in relation to potential pollutants of waters were obtained. The dynamics of sea water saturation with oil products at –0.5 (±1) and 10 (±1) °С was determined. It is shown that at higher temperature the concentration of oil products in sea water column (in the presence of an oil film on the surface) is on average four times higher than at low temperature. Kinetic dependences were obtained that describe the content of oil products in water column and near-surface layer of sea water in the presence of the studied sorbents at 5 (±1) °C, corresponding to the average annual temperature in the Kola Bay of the Barents Sea. A method is proposed for evaluating the efficiency of sorbents from the values of regression coefficients characterizing the dependence of oil products content in sea water on the character of sorbent and duration of its action.

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