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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2411-3336</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="eissn">2541-9404</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="ru">Записки Горного института</journal-title>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Mining Institute</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет императрицы Екатерины ΙΙ</publisher-name>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="en">Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31897/PMI.2023.29</article-id>
      <article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">FFTUZK</article-id>
      <article-id custom-type="pmi" pub-id-type="custom">pmi-15987</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="uri">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/15987</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru">
          <subject>Геотехнология и инженерная геология</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en">
          <subject>Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Improving the efficiency of oil vapor recovery units  in the commodity transport operations at oil terminals</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>Повышение эффективности систем улавливания паров нефти  при товарно-транспортных операциях на нефтеналивных терминалах</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Pshenin</surname>
            <given-names>Vladimir V.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Пшенин</surname>
              <given-names>В. В.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Pshenin</surname>
              <given-names>Vladimir V.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>vladimirspmi@mail.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-4604-3172</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет (Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg Mining University (Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Zakirova</surname>
            <given-names>Gulnur S.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Закирова</surname>
              <given-names>Г. С.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Zakirova</surname>
              <given-names>Gulnur S.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>zakirova_gs@pers.spmi.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-3877-8566</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff2">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет (Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg Mining University (Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2023-04-12">
        <day>12</day>
        <month>04</month>
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>265</volume>
      <fpage>121</fpage>
      <lpage>128</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-09-30">
          <day>30</day>
          <month>09</month>
          <year>2022</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2023-02-13">
          <day>13</day>
          <month>02</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2024-02-29">
          <day>29</day>
          <month>02</month>
          <year>2024</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">© 2023 В. В. Пшенин, Г. С. Закирова</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="en">© 2023 Vladimir V. Pshenin, Gulnur S. Zakirova</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2023</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">В. В. Пшенин, Г. С. Закирова</copyright-holder>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vladimir V. Pshenin, Gulnur S. Zakirova</copyright-holder>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" xml:lang="ru">
          <license-p>Эта статья доступна по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
        </license>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/15987">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/15987</self-uri>
      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>Рассмотрена проблема потерь от испарения легких фракций углеводородов при погрузке судов танкерного флота. Установлено, что в открытых источниках единого подхода к моделированию системы «танкер – трубопровод отвода газовой фазы – установка рекуперации паров» не существует. Отсутствие общепризнанной модели делает невозможным научно-обоснованное применение средств сокращения потерь и разработку соответствующих мероприятий. Динамика роста давления во внутренней емкости танкера описывается дифференциальным уравнением, учитывающим нестационарный характер процесса. Уравнение преобразовано к безразмерному виду и исследовано относительно критериев подобия данной системы. Такое исследование позволило однозначно установить общий характер изменения давления во внутренней емкости танкера и прогнозировать пиковые значения его роста на начальном этапе операции погрузки. Полученные уравнения апробированы на данных реальных погрузок танкеров и показали удовлетворительную сходимость с экспериментальными данными. На разных этапах операции погрузки компонентный состав паров меняется, что показано в результате хроматографического анализа газовой смеси. Располагая моделью вытеснения углеводородных паров из внутренней емкости танкера, стало возможным предложить мероприятия по минимизации негативного воздействия на окружающую среду и возврату ценных паров продукта в технологическую цепочку транспорта.</p>
      </abstract>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>In this paper the problem of losses from evaporation of light fractions of hydrocarbons during loading operations of tanker fleets vessels is considered. It was found that there is no unified approach to modeling the system “tanker – gas phase pipeline – vapor recovery units” in open sources. The absence of a generally recognized model makes it impossible to scientifically justify the application of instruments to reducing losses and the development of corresponding measures. In work it is showed that the dynamics of growth of pressure in the inner tanker capacity is described by a differential equation, considering for non-stationary essence of the process. This equation is converted to a non-dimensional form and investigated in relation to the similarity criteria of this system. This research has allowed to establish unambiguously the general character of pressure changes in the inner tanker capacity, and to predict the peak values of its growth at the initial stage of the loading operation. The obtained equations were tested on real tanker loading data and showed satisfactory convergence with the experimental data. At different stages of the loading opera-tion the component composition of vapor changes, which is shown by chromatographic analysis of the gas mixture. With the availability of a model of hydrocarbon vapor displacement from the inner of tanker, it is possible to propose measures to minimize the negative impact on the environment and return valuable vapors of the product to the technological chain of transportation.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <title>Ключевые слова</title>
        <kwd>нефтяной танкер</kwd>
        <kwd>морские терминалы</kwd>
        <kwd>потери от испарения</kwd>
        <kwd>сырая нефть</kwd>
        <kwd>нефтяной терминал</kwd>
        <kwd>установки рекуперации паров</kwd>
        <kwd>летучие органические соединения</kwd>
        <kwd>потери нефти</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>oil tanker</kwd>
        <kwd>marine terminals</kwd>
        <kwd>evaporation loss</kwd>
        <kwd>crude</kwd>
        <kwd>oil terminal</kwd>
        <kwd>vapor recovery units</kwd>
        <kwd>volatile organic compounds</kwd>
        <kwd>oil losses</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body/>
  <back>
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