2411-3336 2541-9404 Записки Горного института Journal of Mining Institute Санкт-Петербургский горный университет императрицы Екатерины ΙΙ Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University 10.31897/PMI.2022.31 pmi-15748 https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/15748 Металлургия и обогащение Metallurgy and concentration Scientific substantiation and development of innovative processes for the extraction of zirconium and rare earth elements in the deep and comprehensive treatment of eudialyte concentrate Научное обоснование и разработка инновационных процессов извлечения циркония и РЗЭ при глубокой и комплексной переработке эвдиалитового концентрата Chanturiya Valentin A. Чантурия В. А. Chanturiya Valentin A. vchan38@mail.ru 0000-0002-4410-8182 ИПКОН имени академика Н.В.Мельникова РАН (Россия) Academician N.V.Melnikov Research Institute of Comprehensive Exploration of Mineral Resources, RAS (Russia) 03 11 2022 2022 256 505 516 22 02 2022 11 05 2022 03 11 2022 © 2022 В. А. Чантурия © 2022 Valentin A. Chanturiya 2022 В. А. Чантурия Valentin A. Chanturiya Эта статья доступна по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0) https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/15748

На основе комплекса современных методов анализа изучено влияние различных кислот и энергетических воздействий на морфологию, элементный состав, структурно-химические преобразования поверхности минералов и эффективность процесса выщелачивания эвдиалитового концентрата. Вскрыт механизм и выявлены оптимальные условия и специфические особенности разрушения эвдиалита и породных минералов и извлечения циркония и РЗЭ при воздействии различных кислот, мощных наносекундных импульсов, диэлектрического барьерного разряда, электрохимической обработки, механохимической активации и ультразвука. Теоретически и экспериментально обоснован механизм образования и оптимальные условия диспергации силикагеля в зависимости от методов и параметров энергетических воздействий. Научно обоснована и апробирована комбинированная трехстадиальная схема азотнокислотного выщелачивания эвдиалитового концентрата с ультразуковой обработкой суспензии, обеспечивающая 97,1 % извлечения циркония и 94,5 % РЗЭ. Теоретически и экспериментально обоснованы условия селективного осаждения циркония и РЗЭ.

Based on a package of modern analysis methods, the influence of various acids and energy effects on the morphology, elemental composition, structural and chemical transformations of the mineral surface, and the efficiency of eudialyte concentrate leaching was studied. The mechanism and the optimal conditions and specific features of the destruction of eudialyte and rock minerals and the extraction of zirconium and REE under the influence of various acids, powerful nanosecond pulses, dielectric barrier discharge, electrochemical processing, mechanochemical activation and ultrasound were revealed. The mechanism of formation and the optimal conditions for the dispersion of silica gel, depending on the methods and parameters of energy effects, was theoretically and experimentally substantiated. A combined three-stage circuit of nitric acid leaching of eudialyte concentrate with ultrasonic treatment of the suspension, providing 97.1 % extraction of zirconium and 94.5 % REE, were scientifically substantiated and tested. The conditions for the selective deposition of zirconium and REE were theoretically and experimentally substantiated.

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