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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2411-3336</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="eissn">2541-9404</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="ru">Записки Горного института</journal-title>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Mining Institute</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет императрицы Екатерины ΙΙ</publisher-name>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="en">Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31897/PMI.2022.84</article-id>
      <article-id custom-type="pmi" pub-id-type="custom">pmi-15538</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="uri">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/15538</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru">
          <subject>Геотехнология и инженерная геология</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en">
          <subject>Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Fragmentation analysis using digital image processing  and empirical model (KuzRam): a comparative study</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>Анализ дробления с использованием цифровой обработки  изображений и эмпирической модели (KuzRam):  сравнительное исследование</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Saadoun</surname>
            <given-names>Abderrazak </given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Саадун</surname>
              <given-names>А. </given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Saadoun</surname>
              <given-names>Abderrazak </given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>abderrezak.saadoun@univ-bejaia.dz</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-7860-6107</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Университет Абдеррахмана Мира (Алжир)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">University of Abderrahmane Mira (Algeria)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Fredj</surname>
            <given-names>Mohamed </given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Фредж</surname>
              <given-names>М. </given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Fredj</surname>
              <given-names>Mohamed </given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>mohamed.fredj@univ-bejaia.dz</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-0560-4941</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff2">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Университет Абдеррахмана Мира (Алжир)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">University of Abderrahmane Mira (Algeria)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Boukarm</surname>
            <given-names>Riadh </given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Букарм</surname>
              <given-names>Р. </given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Boukarm</surname>
              <given-names>Riadh </given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>riadh.boukarm@univ-bejaia.dz</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-9387-5812</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff3">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Университет Абдеррахмана Мира (Алжир)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">University of Abderrahmane Mira (Algeria)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Hadji</surname>
            <given-names>Riheb </given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Хаджи</surname>
              <given-names>Р. </given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Hadji</surname>
              <given-names>Riheb </given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>hadjirihab@yahoo.fr</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff4">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Университет Ферхата Аббаса (Алжир)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Ferhat Abbas University (Algeria)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2022-11-01">
        <day>01</day>
        <month>11</month>
        <year>2022</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2022</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>257</volume>
      <fpage>822</fpage>
      <lpage>832</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2021-07-05">
          <day>05</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2021</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-07-21">
          <day>21</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2022</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2022-11-10">
          <day>10</day>
          <month>11</month>
          <year>2022</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">© 2022 А.  Саадун, М.  Фредж, Р.  Букарм, Р.  Хаджи</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="en">© 2022 Abderrazak  Saadoun, Mohamed  Fredj, Riadh  Boukarm, Riheb  Hadji</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2022</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">А.  Саадун, М.  Фредж, Р.  Букарм, Р.  Хаджи</copyright-holder>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Abderrazak  Saadoun, Mohamed  Fredj, Riadh  Boukarm, Riheb  Hadji</copyright-holder>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" xml:lang="ru">
          <license-p>Эта статья доступна по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
        </license>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/15538">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/15538</self-uri>
      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>Дробление горной породы отражает степень контроля взрывных работ. Несмотря на точность скринингового анализа для определения распределения взорванных горных пород по размерам, этот метод остается сложным и длительным из-за большого объема взорванной породы. Метод цифровой обработки изображений может преодолеть ограничения точности и скорости. Используются эмпирическая модель KuzRam и численный метод (цифровая обработка изображений) с применением двух программ обработки изображений (WipFrag и Split-Desktop) для анализа распределения частиц по размерам пород, раздробленных взрывчатыми веществами в известняковом карьере Джебель-Меджунес. Цифровая обработка основана на анализе фотографии отвалов взорванной породы с использованием методов обработки изображений. Цель этой работы состоит в оценке и сравнении результатов, полученных для каждого взрыва с помощью двух методов, и выявления сходства и различия между ними. С помощью этих двух методов были проанализированы три различных взрыва с одинаковым проектированием. Результат модели KuzRam дал идеалистические результаты из-за неоднородности структуры горных пород, хотя эта модель может быть использована для первоначальной оценки проектирования взрыва. С целью повышения эффективности взрыва предложен новый коэффициент показателя фрагментации для сравнения полученного фрагмента с расчетным идеальным размером модели KuzRam путем учета проектных параметров взрыва и взрываемости. Оба способа обработки изображений дают близкие результаты с большей точностью для Split-Desktop. Применение метода поможет повысить эффективность и снизить затраты на дробление в рассматриваемом карьере.</p>
      </abstract>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>The rock fragmentation reflects the degree of control of blasting. Despite the accuracy of screening analysis to determine the size distribution of blasted rocks, this technique remains complex and long because of the large volume of blasted rocks. The digital image processing method can overcome these constraints of accuracy and speed. Our method uses the empirical model of KuzRam and numerical method (Digital image processing) through two image processing software’s (WipFrag and Split-Desktop) to analyze the particle size distribution of rocks fragmented by explosives in Jebel Medjounes limestone quarry. The digital image processing is based on the photography of the pile of blasted rock analyzed using image processing techniques. The objective of this work is to evaluate and compare the results obtained for each blast from the two methods and to discuss the similarities and differences among them. Three different blasts with the same design were analyzed through the two methods. The result of the KuzRam model gave idealistic results due to the heterogeneity of the structure of the rocks; although, this model can be used for an initial evaluation of blast design. For better efficiency of the explosion, we proposed a new fragmentation indicator factor in order to compare the fragment produced to the estimated ideal size obtained from the KuzRam model by incorporating the blast design parameters and the rock factor. Both image processing gives close results with more accuracy for the Split-Desktop software. Our method can improve the efficiency and reduce crushing costs of the studied career.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <title>Ключевые слова</title>
        <kwd>взрывные работы</kwd>
        <kwd>дробление породы</kwd>
        <kwd>известняковый карьер</kwd>
        <kwd>модель KuzRam</kwd>
        <kwd>Split-Desktop</kwd>
        <kwd>WipFrag</kwd>
        <kwd>показатель фрагментации</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>blasting</kwd>
        <kwd>rock fragmentation</kwd>
        <kwd>limestone quarry</kwd>
        <kwd>KuzRam model</kwd>
        <kwd>Split-Desktop</kwd>
        <kwd>WipFrag</kwd>
        <kwd>indicator factor</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body/>
  <back>
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