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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2411-3336</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="eissn">2541-9404</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="ru">Записки Горного института</journal-title>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">Journal of Mining Institute</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский горный университет императрицы Екатерины ΙΙ</publisher-name>
        <publisher-name xml:lang="en">Empress Catherine II Saint Petersburg Mining University</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id custom-type="pmi" pub-id-type="custom">pmi-15070</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="uri">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/15070</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru">
          <subject>Геология</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en">
          <subject>Geology</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Stratification in fossil coals</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
          <trans-title>Слоистость в ископаемых углях</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Zhemchuzhnikov</surname>
            <given-names>Yu. A.</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Жемчужников</surname>
              <given-names>Ю. А.</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Zhemchuzhnikov</surname>
              <given-names>Yu. A.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>pmi@spmi.ru</email>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru"> (Россия)</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en"> (Russia)</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="1941-03-25">
        <day>25</day>
        <month>03</month>
        <year>1941</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>1941</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>13</volume>
      <issue>3</issue>
      <fpage>61</fpage>
      <lpage>78</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="1940-09-02">
          <day>02</day>
          <month>09</month>
          <year>1940</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="1940-11-17">
          <day>17</day>
          <month>11</month>
          <year>1940</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="1941-03-25">
          <day>25</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>1941</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">© 1941 Ю. А. Жемчужников</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-statement xml:lang="en">© 1941 Yu. A. Zhemchuzhnikov</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>1941</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ю. А. Жемчужников</copyright-holder>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yu. A. Zhemchuzhnikov</copyright-holder>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" xml:lang="ru">
          <license-p>Эта статья доступна по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
        </license>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <self-uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/15070">https://pmi.spmi.ru/pmi/article/view/15070</self-uri>
      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>Изучение слоистости в группе таких пород органического (правильнее — смешанного) происхождения, как твердые кауcтобиолиты, показало известную общность ее происхождения со слоистостью пластических пород. В слоистости углей есть специфические особенности, свойственные только горючим ископаемым. Они связаны с значительным уменьшением материала и объема и уплотнением при гумификации и углефикации от свежего торфа до антрацита, которое может быть оценено цифрой около 5—7 раз. Горизонтальная ориентировка растительных остатков частично связана с этим именно явлением. Слоистость, ее характер, происхождение и степень выявленности тесно связаны с условиями происхождения самих углей и могут дать существенный материал для расшифрования углей.</p>
      </abstract>
      <abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>The study of stratification in a group of rocks of organic (more correctly, mixed) origin, such as solid caustobiolites, showed a certain similiarity of its origin with the stratification of plastic rocks. The stratification of coals has specific features that are characteristic only of fossil fuels. They are associated with a significant reduction in material and volume and compaction during humification and coalification from fresh peat to anthracite, which can be estimated at about 5-7 times. The horizontal orientation of plant remains is partly related to this very phenomenon. Stratification, its nature, origin and degree of identification are closely related to the conditions of origin of the coals themselves and can provide significant material for deciphering coals.</p>
      </abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body/>
  <back>
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</article>
